Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology

Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology

The feeding strategy of Rainbow trout escaped from sea cages on the coast of Mazandaran

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
mehdi naderi jolodar 1
Arefeh Sadat Mirhejazi 2
1 Ministry of Agriculture, Country Fisheries Science Research, Ecological Institute of Caspian Sea
2 Graduated from MSc in Fisheries, Fisheries group, Khazar Higher Education Institution
Abstract
Aims This study was conducted to determine the Exotic fish food strategy of rainbow trout escaped from cultivating cages located in the southern basin of the Caspian sea (Mazandaran).

Materials & Methods A total of 90 specimens of this species were collected during the period from September 2017 to may 2018 from bony fish from west to central coast of Mazandaran. Sample of fish were biomediated and the age was determined by scales and operclum.

Findings The relative frequency of food items were Balanus glandula , Clupeonella cultriventris , Cerastoderma lamarcki, Neogobius fluviatilis، Atherina caspia ،Chelon saliens ، Chinavia hilaris ، Taxiphyllum barbieri ، Rutilus kutum، Cumacea، Syngnathus caspius and Gasterosreus aculeatus respectively. The result showed that a wide range of food was more central than the west, the fullness index in the female was more than male and in age groups older than 2 + and 3 + is more than 1 + (P>0.05). The fullness index, especially in the spring, increased significantly, the presence of B.glandula more than C. cultriventris, but its relative importance was less than C. cultriventris (P> 0.05).

Conclusion This fish has a carnivorous behavior and uses a wide range of foods, so it is possible to compete with many species of Caspian sea fish such as Salmo caspius. The effects of the adaptations and behavioral, physiological and ecological mechanisms of C. cultriventri and B.glandula were more important in fish feeding.
Keywords
Food strategy
Rainbow trout
Caspian sea
Iran

Subjects

1- Abdoli, A., Naderi Jolodar, M. 2008. The biodiversity of South Caspian Sea Basin fishes. Aquatic science publications. 242 p.
2- Penczak T., Galicka W., Molinski M., Zalewski M., 1982. The Enrichment of a Mesotrophic Lake by Carbon, Phosphorous and Nitrogen from the Cage Aquaculture of Rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, Journal of Applied Ecology 19(2).
3- Rikardsen A., 2002. Foraging behavior changes of Arctic charr during smolt migration in northen Norway, Journal of Fish Biology, 60(2): 489-491.
4- Coad B.W., Abdoli A., 1993. Exotic Fish Species in the Fresh Waters of Iran, Zoology in the Middle East, (9):65-80.
5- Bagenal, T. 1978. Method for assessment of fish production in freshwater. T.B.P, handbook no.3. Blackwell publication, oxford, U.K. 365 P.
6- Kim C.H., Park M.K., Kang E.J., 2008. Minute tubercles on the skin surface of larvae in the Korean endemic bitterling, Rhodeus Pseudosericeus . J. App. Ichthyol. 24:269-275.
7- Berg, L.S., 1949: Freshwater fishes of the USSR and adjacent countries. Israeli program for scientific translations, Jerusalem, 1964, Vol. 2.
8- Brishtin, A. A. 1970. Invertebrate Atlas of the Caspian Sea. Moscow food industry. 610 pp.
9- Shorygin, A.A. 1952. Feeding and nutritional interrelations of fish in the Caspian Sea. Pishchepromizdat. Moscow. 268 p.
10- Costello M. J., 1990. Predator feeding strategy and prey importance: a new graphical analysis, Journal of Fish Biology, Vol. 36, Issue: 2, 261-263 p.
11- Euzen O., 1987. Food habits and diet composition of some fish of Kuwait, Kuwait, Bull, Mar, Sci, (9):65-85p.
12- Conover, W.J., 1980. Practical nonparametric statistics, 2nd edition. Wiley. New York. PP: 219.
13- Coad B.W., 1995. Fresh Water fishes of Iran. Institute of landscape Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Brno.
14- Shepherd J.G., Pope J.G. & Cousens R.D. 1984. Variations in fish stocks and hypotheses concerning their links with climate. Rapp. P.-v. reun. Cons, int Mer 185: 255-267.
15- Myers R.A. 1998. When do environmentrecruitment correlations work? Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 8: 285-305.
16- Tajallipour, B., Akbarnejad, A.. 1978. Study of Kutum natural food. Board of Faculty of medicine University of Tehran's veterinary letter. Volume 34. Number 2. 15 pp.
17- Zarinkamar, H. 1996. Servey feeding habits of Kutum in Bandar Anzali coastal. M.Sc. Thesis. 150 p. Islamic Azad Univ. Unit Tehran. (in Persian).
18- Afrahei Bandpei, M.A., Mashhor, M., Abdolmaleki, S. and El-Sayed, M.A.F. 2009. Food and feeding habits of Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum (Cyprinidae)) in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea. Cybium. 33(3): 193- 198.
19- Alexander, T.R. and Fichter, G.S. 1977. Ecology. Translation by: Karimmi, A. U.S.A. 208 P.
20- Stergiou, K.I. 1988. Feeding habits of the Lessepsian migrant Siganus luridus in the eastern Mediterranean its new environment. J. Fish Biol. 33: 531- 543.
21- Geetha, M., Suryanarayanan, H. and Balakrishnann, N. 1990. Food and feeding of puntius vittatus (Daw.). Indian Nat.Sci.Acad..B 56: 327-334. Jester, D.B. 1973. Variations in catchability of fishes with color of gill nets. Transactions American Fisheries Society. 102: 109- 15.
22- Dadzie, S. 2007. Food and feeding habits of the black pomfret parastromateus niger (Carangidae) in the Kuwait waters of the Arabian Gulf . Cybium.31: 77- 84.
23- Nikoliskii, G.V. 1963. Ecology of fishes. Moskova. Gorudarsvennoe izdatelstov. Sovetskayanaaka. Translated to English in 1963. 538 p.
24- Miller, P.J. 1989. The tokology of gobioid fishes. pp. 119- 153. In fish reproduction, strategies and Tactics. Ed. Potts, G.V. and Wootton, R.J. Academic press Limited. Third printing. Printed in Great Britain. 410 p.
25- Biswas S.P., 1993. Manual of methods in fish biology. South Asian Publisher Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. International Book Co. Absecon highlands. N.J. Borcea, I (1933) 1934. Revision systematiqueet distribution geographique des gobiides de la mer Noire et particulierement deseaux Roumanies. Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy.19(1/4): 1-136.
26- Pimental D., Morrison D., 2005. Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the united states. Ecological Economics, Elsevier . Sciencedirect, Volume 52, Issue 3, 273-288 p.
27- Coblentz B. E., 1990. Exotic organisms: A Dilemma for Conversation Biology, Conversation biology wiley online library, volume 4, Issue 3.
28- Iranian Fisheries Organization. 2018-2019. Statistical Yearbook .100 pp.
Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology
Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 27
Summer 2019
Pages 117-125