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Abstract
Aims: For the purpose of marketability and consumer preferences, two types of hand moisturizing products (Alginate gel and Fucoidan cream) produced from Sargassum algae, this study was conducted. then evaluated with a common commercial sample as a control.
Methods: Gel and two cream samples were prepared in 3 jars of 10 g to evaluate 30 individuals as panel members. Evaluation was performed using one product per week and with a one-week break between sessions. The designed questionnaire consisted of sociological questions and 12 characteristics of the products that were rated with 3 points of preference The Friedman test was used to analyze the ratings and the scoring method was used to identify the final product.
Results: Two characteristics of produced cream and gel (moisturizing and shelf life) at a significant level. The gel had the highest moisturizing capacity and the cream had the highest shelf life. Consumers paid more attention to the nourishing and hydrating properties of the skin, being organic and soft in choosing the suitable moisturizer for their hands. They like moisturizing cream of 250 gr jar. Nutrition and hydrating, therapeutic effect and skin repair were also ranked as high priority. Ultimately, the Fucoidan moisturizing cream gained the highest preference in market.
Conclusion: The Fucoidan cream produced from Sargassum algae compared to alginate gel from this alga, as a moisturizer with suitable shelf-life and have other hand cream properties, can be an acceptable commercial product in the market.
 

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The effect of different levels of fucoidan on fatty acid profile and growth of rainbow trout were investigated. 150 fish (average weight 18.84 ± 70.7) were distributed in 15 fiberglass tanks (100 liters) and fed for 8 weeks at different levels (0 (control), 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% fucoidan). The results showed that the treatment with the highest amount of fucoidan had the highest final weight, specific growth rate and body weight gain, and there was a significant difference between treatments (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between feed conversion ratio and different treatments (p> 0.05). The difference between EPA, DHA, SFA, MUFA, n-3, HUFA and ratio of n-3 to n-6 was not significant (p >0.05), while PUFA and Arachidonic acid significantly different between treatments (p <0.05) and the highest value was observed in in treatment 2 and 1% respectively. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that this type of Polysaccharide at high doses (1 and 2% of fucoidan) can improve the growth performance and maintain the quality of muscle fatty acids.

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Brown algae are a valuable source of natural antioxidant compounds, especially Phlorotannins. In this study, the effect of solvent concentration (water / ethanol) on the the amount of Phlorotannin compounds and antioxidant properties of extracts from brown alga Sargassum angustifolium were investigated. The extraction was performed by solvent method at room temperature (28-26 °C) with ethanol/ water solvent with three ratios (30:70), (50:50) and (70:30). The amount of Phlorotannin, total phenolic content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity of different extracts were evaluated. The results showed that the yield of Phlorotannin extraction was dependent on the solvent concentration and with increasing polarity of the solvent, its amount increased, So its amount in ethanol/ water treatment (30:70) is significantly more than the other two treatments (P<0.05). Also, the highest amount of DPPH radical scavenging activity was obtained in ethanol/ water treatments 50:50 and 70:30 which contained less Phlorotannin. Finally, it was found that the ethanol/ water treatment 30:70 of the brown alga Sargassum angustifolium was a good choice for extracting Phlorotannin compounds as a natural bioactive compound for food and medicine purposes.

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The aim of this study was to produce protein isolates from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and to investigate its nutritional, structural, functional and sensory properties. Fish protein isolates were produced by pH change method using alkaline and acidic pHs (2.5, 3.5, 11 and 11.5). The extracted proteins were evaluated for nutritional value, and functional properties, sensory properties, color, and structural changes of proteins. The extracted proteins showed relatively high nutritional value in the amount of essential amino acids. The solubility, gelling and foaming capacity of the proteins depended significantly on its extraction pH. So that the percentage of solubility and foaming capacity of proteins extracted under alkaline conditions showed a higher rate than acidic conditions while the least gelation concentration was related to pH 11.5. Examination and comparison of color (L, a, b and whiteness) and sensory properties of isolated proteins showed that proteins at acidic pH had a brighter and whiter color and better sensory properties than those from alkaline pH. The change in pH caused extensive protein degradation as shown by FTIR and SEM. The above results showed that the protein isolated from rainbow trout waste has good functional and nutritional properties in alkaline conditions, while the sensory properties and color of acidic conditions showed better results.

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Controlled delivery technology of protein/peptide drugs from biodegradable particles has emerged as one of the eminent areas to overcome problems related to macromolecules formulation. The goal of the present study was to develop protein-loaded micro-particles using biodegradable polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydrogel from beluga cartilage. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model for protein/ peptide molecules such as GnRH. The double emulsion (W/O/W) technique was selected as one of the most appropriate methods for preparing a drug delivery system for soluble proteins in water. The first emulsion was prepared using ultrasonic and the mechanical agitator was used for achieving the second emulsion. The hydrogel prepared by enzymatic digestion was used in the first aquatic solution. At the present investigation, three groups were considered as the drug delivery system: G1; (PCL/hydrogel/BSA), G2; (PCL/BSA) and G3; (PCL/Alginate/BSA). Findings showed that the morphology of particles was spherical and non-conglomerated in all groups. The comparison of average particle size among groups was also indicated that the particles.

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Chitosan (Cs) was extracted from shrimp shell and its derivative forms including N-alkyl (AlkCs) and nanoparticles (CsNPs) were prepared. First, the properties of nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and the morphology of nanoparticles and N-alkylated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then their antibacterial activity was evaluated by the test of minimum inhibitory (MIC) and lethal (MBC) concentration, diffusion on agar by disk, permeability of cell membrane by measurement of cytoplasmic beta-galactosidase release (ONPG). The type of apoptosis cell death was also examined by DAPI staining and changes in cell surface integrity by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results showed that the nanoparticles are spherical with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 240 nm. N-alkyl had a rough surface structure compared to native chitosan. At the least of MIC (78 μg/ml) and MBC (100 μg/ml) points were observed for CsNPs (P < 0.05). Nanoparticles and N-alkyl of chitosan showed the highest diameter of growth inhibition zone at 1250 concentration compared to other disks (p <0.05). Outer membrane permeability of derivative forms of chitosan showed significant differences with native chitosan and cells of control. DAPI staining test showed higher cell death of chitosan-derived forms. DAPI staining test showed higher cell death of derivative of chitosan. The images obtained from AFM showed a change in the membrane integrity of the treated cells compared to spherical and clustered of control cells. Thus, the antibacterial properties of native chitosan improved by physical and chemical modification.