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The outbreak of coronavirus in late 2019 and early 2020 in Wuhan, China and its widespread spread around the world has had different consequences for different parts of the world. The recent epidemic has raised the issue of vulnerability of border cities to epidemics. Because border cities are among the most vulnerable and economically, socially ecologically and fragile areas that can be highly susceptible to coronavirus.
 The present study is theoretical-applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of study method. The required data and information were collected in two ways: library and survey. The statistical population of the study included 78 professors, doctoral and master students in the fields of political geography, urban geography and land management who had the necessary familiarity with the study area (Paveh city). SPSS (Friedman test) has been used to quantify qualitative information and obtain some data analysis.  The research findings show that in terms of economic security, the level of household savings has decreased by 17.49 points. In terms of political security, reducing the level of food security with a score of 7.22, in terms of social security, the variable of reducing social interactions with a score of 8.25 and in terms of environmental security, reducing the destruction of natural resources with a score of 3.55 had the greatest impact on the outbreak of coronavirus in Paveh. Coronavirus has had a significant impact on the security of border cities

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The boundaries are completely complex spatial-geographical phenomena that include several dimensions and parameters. This spatial-geographic phenomena has become the focus of governments due to their importance and position in order to establish order and security within the country and to protect national interests and different efforts are done to protect them. To achieve this, the first and basic step is to know the dimensions and parameters that form and affect the borders. This research tries to determine these dimensions and parameters and their impact on urban development of Javanrood city. Accordingly, a questionnaire consisting of parameters and components affecting the development of border areas based on nine dimensions (territorial, socio-cultural, economic, political-governance, geopolitical, defense-security, historical, legal-structural and technological) is projected. The present study is descriptive- analytic in terms of it's practical purpose and in terms of the method of data collection. Since the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of security parameters on the development of border cities, the research is a descriptive correlational study. The results showed that among the components of the territorial dimension, environmental resilience; among the components of the socio-cultural dimension, the existence or absence of social capital in the border city; among the components of the economic dimension, the dependence of border residents on economic interaction with border; among the components of political dimension, level of freedom of action of local governments on both sides of border; among geopolitical components, geoeconomic position of border; among the defense-security components, intervention of local players; among the historical components, human and physical commonality between the two sides of the border; among the components of the legal and structural dimension, the government's attitude towards the people and the border; and among the components of technology, border infrastructure and technologies are as the most important and influential factors influencing the border development of Javanrood city.

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The issue of management and planning for urban fringe in different countries always experience different approaches, attitudes that are generally in the form of protection or development of urban fringe and surroundings areas, because it depends on political, economic and institutional developments over time. For this reason, there is no uniform and formal definition of urban fringe among different countries. Over the past five decades, city of Tehran has adopted different policies in the plans and provided projects which were different in the preparation and implementation. In the present study, five decades of planning for the Urban Fringe of Tehran are investigated and analyzed, and these programs have been studied and analyzed from two dimensions of policy and quality. The paper is applied and is based on a non-intrusive interpretive approach. The information gathering tools are library studies and use of various sources and texts. The study's findings for policy analysis identified five categories (management, planning, organization, conservation, development) and for analyzing the quality of the seven categories (program presentation, effect of reality, popular participation, infrastructure capacity, land status, implementation and adaptability). The results of the analysis of the programs show that in the developed programs the main approach and policy is based on the protection of Urban Fringe, which in order to achieve it should improve the integrity (due to the way of implementation) and legitimacy (due to lack of public participation) of the programs.