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Showing 26 results for Behzadi
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2014)
Abstract
The scientific view and analysis of folk culture causes to the understanding and recognition of nature of internal elements and factors in fluential in the process of oral culture. Storytelling is one of the oldest forms of oral folk literature. In ancient times, the storytellers used to transfer their history, traditions, religion, customs, heroism, and ethnic Pride from one generation to other generation. Basically, the story is created and objected when it is quoted from the language of its narrator. The storyteller or narrator finds his/her ego in the story, and in order to attract the reader or listener, employs the best of his/ her artistic taste and talent to help to further define the story. This cause changes in the structure and content of the story. The present study explores the role of story teller in the formation of the story, and seeks to find the teasons encouraging to make changes in course of creating a story. A note worthy point obsersved the authors during the recording and collecting the collecting the Amureh stories within the last two decades is that there are a huge lurden of various narrations of a single story due to the multiplicity of story tellers and their possible manipulation of the story.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
Aim: Mental health is especially important in some occupations with harsh work conditions requiring strong personal and mental capacities. Healthcare related are jobs among such occupations. Therefore, psychological and subjective well-being is especially important in staff working in the healthcare sector. The aim of the present study is to assess whether gratitude training affects psychological and subjective well-being in hospital staffs.
Methods: This semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test was performed in 2014 in 5 hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The total of 70 staff was randomly divided into two groups by convenience sampling method, using random block allocation. Afterwards, the participants in the experiment group had 10 group sessions of 90 minutes of gratitude training, while the control group did not receive any interventions. All participants completed Ryff‟s Scale of Psychological Well Being, Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Gratitude Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (Covariance) and SPSS software (version 18).
Findings: According to research results, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of psychological well-being, domains of psychological well-being, subjective well-being, and gratitude between the two groups at baseline. Gratitude training significantly affected all domains of psychological well-being (except for autonomy) and subjective well-being.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that gratitude training would be effective in enhancing psychological well-being and subjective well-being. These findings were discussed in the context of developing effective gratitude training for enhancing the psychological and subjective well-being.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Aim: The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of Gottman's theory-based training on the reduction of couples' marital conflict and marital instability.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with the pretest-posttest control-group design, and the population of this study was comprised of all the married couples in Shiraz, Iran in 2015-16. They were selected by the convenience sampling method, and after the interview, and were randomly assigned into two (28) groups. To collect the data, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage, as well as inferential statistics including analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and (ANCOVA) were used to test the hypotheses. Subsequently, the experimental group was given the considered training during 7 sessions, and the questionnaires were, finally, completed again by both groups.
Findings: Based on the findings of this study, Gottman's theory-based training has had a significant effect (α=0.05) on the reduction of marital conflict and marital instability of married couples.
Conclusion: It was concluded that Gottman's theory-based intervention is able to reduce the level of marital conflict and its components and marital instability significantly in the experimental group.
Volume 5, Issue 12 (3-2017)
Abstract
Archetypal criticism is one of the contemporary literary criticism main approaches which discovers the nature and characteristics of the myths and archetypes and their role in literature. This article tries to carry out archetypal criticism of “The story of Amir Arsalan” according to the Jung’s individuation theory. As the hero searching progress and perfection and finding his archetype, Amir Arsalan begins journey and awakes by seeing the image of Farrokhlega (his anima) and achieves new levels of awareness. By passing of the persona archetype he can eliminate the shadow and get married and unify with anima (Farrokhlega) by the help of the wise old man and ends his individuation process and finally, he achieves his archetype. However, he experiences death and rebirth archetypes as revival of life and inner revolution by entering to cave and well- indicating return to fetus period(ritual death)-leaving there as the secret of rebirth.
Volume 6, Issue 1 (winter 2018)
Abstract
Aims: People usually experience the different ranges of mood states, and the combination of their emotional pretention is great in the same rate. The aim of this study was to compare the theory of mind and false beliefs in patients with major depression disorder, bipolar disorder I, II and healthy individuals.
Instrument & Methods: In this descriptive comparative study, 90 patients bedridden in Ostad Moharari Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, in 2013-2014, including 30 patients with major depression disorder, 30 patients with bipolar disorder I, and 30 patients with bipolar disorder II were selected by purposive sampling method. Thirty healthy individuals were also selected as a control group. "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test and “Unexpected transfer task” test were used and the data were analyzed, by SPSS 19 software, using MANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Findings: The theory of mind in the studied groups was significantly different (P=0.001, F(6, 230)=7.1) in a way that it was significantly different between the major depression group and bipolar disorder I, II with the healthy group (p=0.001), But there was no significant difference among other three groups (p>0.05). The false belief showed no specific difference among 4 groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The score of theory of mind in the healthy group is higher than the major depression group and bipolar disorder I, II groups. However, there is no difference in the theory of mind among other three groups. Also, there is no difference in false belief among 4 groups.
Volume 8, Issue 2 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Aims: Land subsidence is one of the phenomena that has been abundantly observed in Iran's fertile plains in recent decades. If it is not properly managed, it will cause irreparable damages. So, regarding the frequency of subsidence phenomenon, the evaluation of the potential of the country's fertile plains is necessary. Towards this, the present study is formulated to assess the vulnerability of the Tehran-Karaj-Shahriyar Aquifer to land subsidence.
Materials & Methods: The vulnerability of Tehran-Karaj-Shahriyar Aquifer was determined using the GARDLIF method in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Seven parameters affecting ground subsidence including groundwater loss, aquifer media, recharge, discharge, land use, aquifer layer thickness, and the fault distance were used to identify areas susceptible to land subsidence. Then, they were ranked and weighted in seven separate layers. In the next step, the subsidence location and rates were obtained using the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) method. The weights of the input parameters of the GARDLIF model using the subsidence map obtained from the DInSAR method and the particle optimization algorithm (PSO) were then optimized. Accordingly, the subsidence susceptibility map was generated based on the new weights.
Findings & Conclusion: The results showed that by increasing correlation coefficient (r) from 0.55 to 0.67 and the amounts of Coefficient of Determination (R2) from 0.39 to 0.53 between the subsidence index and the obtained subsidence in the aquifer, the optimization of weights applied by the PSO algorithm is more capable for evaluating the land subsidence than the map created by GARDLIF. It was also found that the central parts of the study aquifer had the largest potential for land subsidence.
Materials & Methods: The vulnerability of Tehran-Karaj-Shahriyar Aquifer was determined using the GARDLIF method in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Seven parameters affecting ground subsidence including groundwater loss, aquifer media, recharge, discharge, land use, aquifer layer thickness, and the fault distance were used to identify areas susceptible to land subsidence. Then, they were ranked and weighted in seven separate layers. In the next step, the subsidence location and rates were obtained using the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) method. The weights of the input parameters of the GARDLIF model using the subsidence map obtained from the DInSAR method and the particle optimization algorithm (PSO) were then optimized. Accordingly, the subsidence susceptibility map was generated based on the new weights.
Findings & Conclusion: The results showed that by increasing correlation coefficient (r) from 0.55 to 0.67 and the amounts of Coefficient of Determination (R2) from 0.39 to 0.53 between the subsidence index and the obtained subsidence in the aquifer, the optimization of weights applied by the PSO algorithm is more capable for evaluating the land subsidence than the map created by GARDLIF. It was also found that the central parts of the study aquifer had the largest potential for land subsidence.
Volume 8, Issue 31 (3-2020)
Abstract
Although proverbs possess clear, logical and semantic structures, the use of some rhetorical elements has, in addition to making the proverbs more beautiful and effective, given depth and strength to their concepts and made them more reflective. One of these elements is the "symbol". In this article, we will illustrate the symbolic role of animals in proverbs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality and quantity of applying animal symbols in proverbs and the number of animal symbols used in making proverbs. The main body of the paper presents the statistical charts and analysis of examples of proverbs listing the various animal names in the subgroups of domestic animals, non-domestic animals, birds and insects.
The present study is a library research and has been conducted based on a descriptive-analytical approach while implementing statistical methods by studying 6047 proverbs used in the Bahmanyari Story Book. In the end, it was found that, quantitatively, maximum animal symbols used include domestic animals with a percentage of 48.6 and the lowest frequency of animal symbols belong to the birds' group with a percentage of 8.7.
The major reasons for using animal symbols in proverbs may be pointed out as making abstract concepts objective and more tangible, making proverbs attractive, brevity of speech, and avoiding direct vulgar and sarcastic address
Behzadi Siamak, Ali Salarpouri, Mohammad Darvishi, Gholam Ali Akbarzadeh Chamachaei, Sajjad Pourmozaffar, Mohsen Gozari, Mohammad Momni,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Winter 2020)
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Winter 2020)
Abstract
Aims: Monitoring of the fish biomass is one of the basic principal of fisheries management, but ornamental and reef fish stocks, because of difficulty of estimating their abundance, have been less studied than others. The aim of this study was to estimate the standing biomass of ornamental and reef fishes in Larak Island, in the Strait of Hormuz.
Materials &Methods: Standing biomass of the fish species was assessed seasonally using Underwater Visual Census Method (UVCm) in coral reefs and mesophotic coral reefs in Larak Island throughout 2018 and 2019. Two popular methods in UVCm (belt transect and stationary point) were used based on topography of sea bottom. The confidence interval of estimated standing biomass is calculated using bootstrapping method.
Findings: The standing biomass of ornamental and reef fishes is estimated as 2522.18, 5222.17 and 1325.15(Kg.) in Site 1, Site 2 and Site 3, that are located in 3-15meters depth. The standing biomass at Site 4, was estimated as 884.13kg. The minimum were observed in summer, also the result showed that the standing biomass in summer was significantly lower than other seasons (P <0.05). In addition, the temporal diagnostic test showed that population structure of fish in the spring, autumn, and winter seasons was similar but significantly different from the population structure in summer.
Conclusion: The less of standing biomass in summer season can be affected by seasonal migrations of fish in tropical and subtropical waters to deeper waters, in order to trade of the stresses caused by temperature fluctuations.
Volume 9, Issue 37 (3-2021)
Abstract
Religious beliefs are shaped by myth. Mythical heroes and innocent Imams are always considered to be among the recurring themes as the sacred and identifying elements of the Iranian culture. They are in the subconscious, beliefs, and traditions of the people. With common goals and similar destiny, they have been influential in the formation of various literary and artistic works, including Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Taziehs. This study focuses on the semantic decoding of repetitive mythical elements, in two texts from the pre - and post- Islamic eras. Employing the Genette's hypertextual approach, the study analyzes the story of Siavash in Shahnameh (pre-Islamic) and the Tazieh of Imam Hussein) post-Islamic(. The purpose of the research is to find out how the textual narrative was adapted by the theatrical narrative. After explaining the theoretical issues, the summary of the texts, and the characteristics of the heroes, the results are given in a table. The common or unique elements and symbols of thought and actions of the Iranian hero are sometimes manifested in an earthly-mythical and sometimes religious-historical and celestial personalities. Every year, similar rituals are repeated and reproduced in the mourning. The research method is descriptive-comparative and the analysis is done through content analysis and the use of library documents. The findings showed the following symbolic similarities: the halo of light, intelligent horse, white clothes, the presence of extraterrestrials, among others. The difference between the rituals were: the symbol of the plant god, the passage of fire, the Siavashun feather, Zulfiqar, the magical armor, among others.
Introduction
Research Background
There are several research projects conducted on the hero's myth, behavioral pattern, rituals left in their honor, spiritual journey and comparative relations on the texts about Siavash's mourning. Some examples are Dalir (2008) in an article entitled "The Intertextual Relations of Siavash's Story from Shahnameh and the Condolences of the Martyrdom of Imam Hussein’s Tazieh" in which it has examined the intertextual relationship through the similarities of the two stories and the structural comparison, space, and characters of the play. Alizadeh Moghadam (2010) has compared the epic and tragic world of the imitations of Imam (AS) from the perspective of the hero. In the book of mourning for Siavash, by Meskoob (1975), issues about the myth, epic, and mourning of Siavash are given. In the Iranian plays by Ashourpour (1994), and Housouri (2002), some commonalities of general mourning and the mourning of Siavash, which are mostly in the field of mythological beliefs, the genealogy of Siavash and Imam Hussein are investigated. It also has a historical connection with the ritual of Tazieh.
Goals, questions, and assumptions
The goal and the research problem are the adaptation and decipherment of symbolic elements, common intertextual relations, and the mythical and recurring role of the "hero" between the two works. This article seeks to answer the following questions: What are the most important recurring similarities in the mythical symbols of the hero between the two texts? What is the difference between the fields of fiction, narration, the concept of time, place, behavior in Tazieh and Ferdowsi's Shahnameh? What is the effect of the heroes' behavior in tragic and epic literature in Iran on the formation of two types of dramatic literature (in Tazieh) and epic literature (in Shahnameh)? As a research hypothesis, it is suggested that historians have consciously established an intertextual relationship with Shahnameh in line with their goals and motives. Also, the mourning of Siavash of Shahnameh and Majlis Tazieh of Imam Hussein (AS) within intertextual reading has had many connections during the history.
Discussion
The myth of the "hero" in the historical memory (national and religious) of our nation, his role in wars, and the constant confrontation between light and darkness, is one of the most stable and influential common themes in popular culture, literature, and art of different ethnic groups. The repeated presence of the hero in the context of history is considered as one of the influential and pivotal elements in the creation of artistic texts. It is with the connection of myth and history that the heroic character can be given an eternal aspect. In every field, time, and place, his presence can be considered as a believable model. The history of Iran as a whole is, on the one hand, a mixture of ideas (myths), facts (history), popular opinions and beliefs (myths), and documents that exist in various forms, while shaping the existence and identity of the Iranian nation. Recognizing and adapting the role of mythical and historical heroes, their worldview regarding existence and creation, the superhuman and mystical content of their actions and their role modeling in later periods, can meet human needs. In this regard, the reason for the symbolic features of the "hero" as the driving and shaping element of the story of Siavash (in the epic literature of Shahnameh) and Imam Hussein (in the tragic play of Tazieh) need to be compared.
Conclusion
The myth of the hero speaks of the common themes of "human existence and spirituality", aiming to fight demons and oppression. It goes through similar steps to achieve their human and lofty goals, and because of their human nature, they consciously embark on a difficult journey. In the end, with their oppressed and bitter martyrdom, they leave a stable and living model in the minds and executive customs of the people, sometimes in the form of a mythical and sometimes infallible face of religion. They join in the context of history. Similarities and implications in mythological components, the variety of common or unique forms, dense semantic layers in belief, literature and popular art, common and unique symbolic aspects that have high interpretability, all in all show that the two texts are influenced by each other. The findings indicate that the repetitive elements that have become the reason for the ritual and similar repetition every year are to appreciate the sacrifices of the heroes.
References
Alizadeh Moghadam, A. & Vamiri, M. (2019). A comparative study of the characters and heroes of Shahnameh and Tazieh with an approach to dramatic literature. Research in Art and Humanities, 3(17), 19-26.
Ashourpour, S. (1994). Iranian performances. Surah Mehr.
Dalir, A. (2009). Intertextual relations between Siavash's story from Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and the condolence of the martyrdom of Imam Hussein. Honar, 77(4), 176-187.
Ghadernejad, M., Khalandi, A., & Shafei, K. (2019). Re-reading the ritual of mourning for Siavash and mourning for Imam Hussein (Based on the analysis of paintings related to Siavash mourning in Central Asia and a work by "Hossein Zande Rudi". Persian Language and Literature Research, 49(4), 71-94.
Hosuri, A. (2001). Siavoshan. Cheshmeh.
Meskoob, Sh. (1975). The mourning of Siavash (in death and resurrection). Kharazmi.
Gholamali Akbarzadeh Chomachaei, Shiva Aghajary Khazaei, Siamak Darvishi, Siyamak Behzadi, Ramin Karimzadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of cages culture Asian sea bass fish (Lates calcarifer) on the population structure of macrobenthos in the Rigo area of Qeshm Island in Hormozgan province during a breeding period in 1397 were investigated. The average abundance of macrobenthos at the location of the cages culture and the refrences site in this study was equal to (52765 ± 19154 in m2) and (50642 ± 21002 in m2), respectively.The results showed that at the time of the study among the identified the genus of Ammonia sp. With a relative abundance of 73.41 percent at the location of the cages compared to the control station and Archasterope sp., Spirolochulina sp. and Nephtys sp. with a relative abundance of 63.9%, 49.1% and 12.6%, respectively, were more dominant in the control station compared to the location of the cages.The loading rate of organic matter in the bed of the cages was significantly affected by fish farming activities and in some times showed a significant difference with the control station (P<0.05). In general, at the time of the study, activities related to fish farming in cages had no effect on the population structure of macrobenthos in the study area.
Siamak Behzadi, Siamak Darvishi, Ali Salarpoori, Mohammad Momni, Sajjad Pourmozaffar, Reza Dehghani,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Volume 11, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Estimation of coral fishes biomass is needed as a basic benchmark for assessing the ecological status and fishing potential of coral reefs. Different methods are used to sampling the biomass of these communities, that direct observation is one of the preferred methods with respect to the non-destructive advantage. The purpose of investigation was to estimation standing biomass of coral fishes by Underwater Visual Census method (UVCm) in Abu-Musa Island seasonally from October 2019 to September 2020. also confidence interval was calculated of these estimations from the bootstrapping test (95%). Standing biomass of Coral fish and their confidence interval (95%) by bootstrapping simulation (n=479) were determinated 2923.6 kg., 4576.2 kg, and 1645.4 kg for the stations one, two and three respectively. The difference in the biomass standing of coral fish in three station could be related to the lack of differences in the amount of developed reefs, coral communities and significant differences in habitat availability. Also, the standing biomass of coral fishes in the Abu-Musa Island are limited, that can be attributed to their low habitat, shortage of carrying capacity and the short life of the Persian Gulf basin, and stress that occurs in the ecosystem, especially bleaching events, that need more study in the future.
Volume 11, Issue 52 (October and November 2023)
Abstract
In the process of modernizing societies, numerous cultural elements, roles, and social structures undergo changes and transformations. These transformations are influenced by the form and structure of societies, the type and function of elements, and the way social roles are understood and confronted within the context of modernity. The Bakhtiari society, characterized by its traditional structure within Iranian society, has witnessed rapid changes and transformations in recent decades. These changes impact various tribal and familial structures, relationships between social roles, customs, and traditions. By conducting field studies and research, as well as examining literature and art as manifestations of the broader culture of the society under investigation, valuable insights can be gained through sociological investigations of these transformations. This research undertakes an analysis and examination of two screenplays, The Skier (Ski-Baz) and The Twelfth Team-mate, (Yar-e-Davazdahom) directed by Fereydoun Najafi, from a sociological perspective through Anthony Giddens' theory. Giddens delineates four essential components of traditions, which serve as a framework for the analysis. The research findings illustrate that both screenplays, The Skier and The Twelfth Team-mate embody the four components of tradition from Giddens' perspective. In Bakhtiari society, traditions have not vanished but instead endured as they are cherished and safeguarded by individuals. According to Giddens, these traditions are deeply embedded in the group's identity (Bakhtiari tribe) and are constantly reasserted across various domains.
Gholamali Akbarzadeh Chomachaei, Fereshteh Saraji, Hadi Koohkan, Siyamak Behzadi, Mohammad Darvishi, Seyedeh Laili Mohebbi-Nozar,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Volume 12, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Abstract
In this study, the possible impact Asian sea bass fish (Lates calcarifer) cages culture on the population structure of phytoplankton in the coastal waters of Qeshm Island.Water sampling was done monthly for a period of six months in three stations from October 2018 to March 2019.The results showed that the mean Variations of total abundance of phytoplankton at the location of fish cages culture compared to the Reference station had a significant increase (P <0.05). At the location of cages culture, the Trophic status level was high (<5), the risk of eutrophication status (<4) and the value of trophic efficiency coefficient were high. According to the analysis of Simper test, Among the Forty-one genera identified, Noctiluca sp. with a relative abundance of % 82.37, contribution rate of 21.8% with high algal bloom at the location of cages in autumn season and then the genera Chaetoceros sp., Nitzschia sp. and Coclodinium sp. with a relative abundance of less than 10 percent in differentiating the population structure of phytoplankton have played a significant role in the dissimilarity of the population structure of phytoplankton between stations In general, in this study, the effects of fish farming activities on the population structure of phytoplankton are ineffective, but it causes the abundance of some species, available nutrients, increases the trophic level, and the probability of harmful algal blooms in the location of the cages culture.
Omid Shayanfar, Mehdi Ghodrati Shojaei, Siamak Behzadi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Volume 12, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the relative importance of Avicennia marina organic matter in the feeding of Ilisha melastoma fish in the Mangrove Biosphere Reserve; It was stable isotope approach. Three primary food sources including mangrove tree leaves, microphytobenthos and suspended organic particles were analyzed isotopically. The samples of primary food sources and fish are converted into pure and simple gases such as CO, CO2 and N2 after minimizing the size and turning into powder. Then the identified isotope ratios are compared with a measured standard and the exact amount of isotope formed in the sample is obtained. In this research, sampling was done seasonally in August in the summer season and February in the winter season of 2019 in the mangrove ecosystems of Bandar Khmer, Hormozgan province.In the summer season, the average stable carbon isotope of primary food sources fluctuated from -28.07 units per thousand for mangrove leaves to -13.58 units per thousand for microphytobenthos.This average in the winter season was obtained from -28.05 units per thousand for mangrove leaves to -13.54 units per thousand for microphytobenthos.The average stable nitrogen isotope of primary food sources in the summer season fluctuated from 1.44 units per thousand for microphytobenthos to 10.72 units per thousand for suspended organic particles.The results of this research showed that in the summer season, suspended organic particles with 63% and in the winter season, microphytobenthos with 45% play the most important role in providing the food needed by the small shemsk fish.
Shiva Aghajari Khazaei, Reza Dehghani, Arash Haghshenas, Gholam Ali Akbarzadeh Chomachaei, Siamak Behzadi, Mohammad Darvishi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
The present study was conducted in order to obtain the necessary information on the diversity, abundance and distribution of macroinvertebrates, as well as to investigate the grazing status of batoid fishes (stingrays) from benthic macroinvertebrtes in coastal waters of Hormozgan province. For this purpose, sampling was done in the years 2017 and 2018 and once every year in the autumn season. At the end of the identification process, a number of 125 genus and 104 species belonging to 85 families, 31 classes, 9 orders, and 7 phyla were successfully identified. Results revealed that Malacostraca was the frequent order in the studied area. In order to investigate the possible relationship between composition and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrte and stingrays, CCA analysis was employed. Results of stomach content of stingrays revealed that in the diet of M. randall, crustacean (93.25 %IRI) has the highest amount. This pattern was the same for M. gerrardi and H. walga. However, in M. gerrardi, bivalvia were in the first place of importance (31.33 %IRI). Also, trophic level analysis was done for three species which shows all species are Mesopredators that place in the same level of food web. According to the mentioned cases, some benthic macroinvertebrates identified in this research have a significant relationship with the benthic fishes, which requires more studies to investigate their relationship.
Mohammad Darvishi, Mohammad Momeni, Siamak Behzadi, Ali Salarpouri, Shiva Aghajari Khazaei,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Trichiurus lepturus is one of the most important and commericial species in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea.In order to come up with the responsible fishing pattern,there was a need to identify reproduction characteristics. Data were collected randomly from April 2019 to February 2020 from six major artisanal fish-landing sites in Hormuzgan Province (Bandar Parsian, Bandar Kong, Qeshm Island, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Sirik and Bandar Jask). In the detection of sexual stages, the 5-stage key of sexual maturity was used at the macroscopic level. In determining the spawning season, the gonado-somatic index(GSI) was used and its comparison in different months. The lowest GSI of female fish was in September (1.2). The highest GSI of male fish was determined in December with a value of 3.1 and after that in May 2.6. Examination of the GSI and reproductive stages showed two main spawning periods in the middle of spring and late autumn. Different sexual stages were seen in all months of the year, which indicated the batch spawning strategy in T. lepturus. During different months, significant differences in the sex ratio were observed, but during the investigation and in total, no significant difference was observed between the female: male sex ratio in the expected ratio of 1:1.The length at first maturity obtained 78.7 cm total length. It is necessary to ban fishing during the spawning season in order to protect the stocks of this species.
Ali Salarpouri, Siyamak Behzadi, Reza Dehghani, Moslem Daliri, Mohammad Momeni, Mohammad Seddiq Mortazavi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Volume 13, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
| The survey of the fish assemblage in the planned place to establish artificial reefs in the western and eastern bays of Jask was carried out in the winter and spring of 2024. Sampling was done by Gillnet and Trap methods in 4 stations located in the western bay and eastern bay of Jask at a depth of 10 to 30 meters. 68 aquatic species (60 fishes, 5 crabs, 2 oysters, and 1 shrimp) were sampled and recorded. Of these, Nemipterus japonicus (32.6 %) was the most abundant, Saurida tumbil (12.6 %), Anodontostoma chacunda (12.5 %), Ilisha megaloptera (9.8 %), Scomberoides tol (6.4 %), Sphyraena putnamae (4.1 %), Lactarius lactarius (2.6 %), Muraenesox bagio (2 %), Pomadasys kaakan (1.9 %), Otolithes ruber (1.6 %) located in the next rank. The average catch per unit of effort of gillnet was 45±10.2 kg/piece×hour and for Trap 7.3±4.2 kg/trap×day. In this research, it was found that the population of species related to artificial reefs, such as Epinephelus coioides , Lutjanus johnii , and Lethrinus nebulosus were relatively low, and mainly below the maturity size, it seems that the stocks of this group of fish need to be enhanced. Therefore, it is recommended to consider the target species in the design of the structure and arrangement of the artificial reefs, on the other hand, the shelter and protective aspects of the artificial reefs for the reef-dependent juvenile also be considered. |
Behzadi Siamak, Ali Salarpouri, Hadi Koohkan, Mohammad Darvishi, Sajjad Pourmozaffar, Freshteh Saraji,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (11-2024)
Volume 13, Issue 4 (11-2024)
Abstract
The use of Artificial reefs(A.Rs) are one of the methods used to rehabilitation of fish stocks. This involves studying the grain size composition of bed sediments and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), which are crucial components in terms of their location. For this purpose, three stations with three repetitions were selected in the eastern and western of Jask City Bay and the study was conducted in the summer and winter seasons of 2023.In the study of total suspended solids, the minimum value with the mean and standard deviation was 25.9±0.46(mg/lit)at the fourth station in the Eastern basin during winter 2023. The maximum value with the mean and deviation was 36.39±0.62( mg/lit )at the third station in the western basin during summer 2023. The analysis of sediment grain size in the stations revealed that the lowest and highest amounts of sand and silt were found in the western basin at 76.4% (third station, summer 2023) and 88.5% (second station, winter2023) respectively. Firstly, the strength of the substrate (grain size) is the most essential factor in establishing structures, which contributes to ecological and biological success. Considering the optimal range of this component stations, suggested as the suitable areas for installation of A.Rs, one area(Western of Jask City Bay) and two area(Eastern of Jask City Bay), respectively.
Volume 15, Issue 2 (May & June 2024)
Abstract
The confrontation of “Insider” and “Other “ cultures in educational documents, especially literary courses related to the French language in Iranian universities, is natural, and there is a need for an intercultural approach that can place students in an intercultural space, adjusted and away from cultural shock. Considering that social-affective strategies, relying on individual differences, try to help language learners in the learning process and to facilitate the language teaching process, the aim of this research is to provide a practical method in order to further link literature and education. French language is through activating sensory-emotional capacities and applying social-affective strategies to students and making them interested in literary content (poetry).
Also, the statistical population of the research includes 110 French language students in the last semester of the bachelor's degree, in the two majors of literature and translation in different Iranian universities, who were randomly selected. Therefore, by designing a researcher-made questionnaire and using 20, 5-choice questions, we measured the students' use of social-affective strategies and their interest in poetry in the form of a pre-test. Then, during a virtual and interactive training course (for 50 hours), we did intercultural training. Then, the learners were given a post-test. Based on the results of the T test, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the average students in the pre-test and the post-test in terms of the use of social-affective strategies and interest in literary content (poetry).
1. Introduction
The main issue of the current research is to answer the question of how to effectively and consciously use social-affectives strategies that can be effective in improving the language skills of French language students through intercultural didactics of contemporary French and Persian poetry and made them more interested in literary content (poetry)? Considering that our hypothesis is that the intercultural didactics of contemporary French and Persian poetry can have a significant effect on strengthening social-affectives strategies among French language students and on their interest in literary content (poetry). Therefore, our goal, with an effort to achieve the purpose of the research, is to present a practical method to further link literature and French language education by activating the sensory-emotional capacities and social-affectives strategies of students in dealing with the genre of poetry.
Research Question(s)
The mains research questions of this study can be formulated as follows:
1. How are the intercultural didactics and social-affectives strategies defined?
2. Why and with what components, French and Persian poetry (in this study: the case of French poet Jacques Parhevor and Iranian poet Mehdi Akhwan Sales) can be used as a suitable corpus for teaching in universities.
3. How and through what educational approach can strengthen students' social-affectives strategies and their interest in literary content (poetry)?
2. Literature Review
An article by Rose Oma and Isodore Mutba Kazadi has been published in Kenya. The main title of this article is "Social-affectives strategies in the French language class" (2020). This research examines the strategies used by French language teachers in Kenya. The main conclusion of this research shows the positive effect of using social-affectives strategies in motivating students to learn French.
3. Methodology
In this research, our statistical population consisted of 110 students of the final year of the French language course at the undergraduate level, in two majors: literature (60 people) and translation (50 people), from Iranian universities, who were randomly selected. They participated in a virtual course and in five classes of 22 people online and on the platform of Big Blue Button. All the students, previously, in different university semesters, had taken courses related to prose, translation and literature in a classical way (only French texts with the teaching of history of literature, vocabulary and grammar). The intercultural didactics conducted in this research was held in a training course consisting of eight 75-minute sessions and in five classes of 22 people (forty sessions in total). To investigate the effectiveness of intercultural didactictics as an independent research variable on strengthening the use of social-affectives strategies and the level of interest in literary content (poetry) as two dependent variables of the research, a researcher-made questionnaire, the text of which will follow, in two stages of pre-test and post-test. It was given to the students and they were asked to answer the questions. The questionnaire has twenty questions and is divided into three parts: emotional, social (questions related to social-affective strategies are divided into two independent parts) and analysis of interest in literary content (poetry). The title of these three sections was not mentioned in the questionnaire provided to the students. Thirteen initial questions that are divided into two parts and cover social-affective strategies, inspired by sections E and F of the Oxford questionnaire (Cyr, P. 1998, p. 96) and the next seven questions that analyze the level of interest in the content which measures the literary (poetry) is quite ingeniously designed. Each question has five options and students had to choose one option. Options are rated. The option never: score one, the option rarely: score two, the option sometimes: score three, the option usually: score four and the option always: score five. In the appendices section, students' choices can be seen.
4. Results
The importance of learning social-affectives strategies in teaching foreign languages led us to the conclusion that creating a suitable emotional atmosphere and away from the stresses and assumptions related to teaching poetry can be considered important and effective in language learners' learning. The use of the intercultural approach followed by the teaching method that we presented strengthened the interaction-work-oriented approach in the class and the degree of application of the three affectives strategies in this research: stress management and its reduction, self-motivation method and paying attention to one's feelings. And it also increased the three investigated socials strategies: cooperation with others, empathy with others, and the learner's question to the teacher, and was able to increase the level of interest in literary content (poetry).
The components of the questionnaire have been measured in two times, pre-test and post-test. The average progress of students in these three sections (emotional strategies, social strategies and analysis of the level of interest in literary content (poetry)) was also compared through the Paired-Samples t-test and we noticed that it has a normal distribution of Cronbach's alpha coefficients which also showed that the questionnaire and its dimensions have appropriate reliability coefficients in two implementations and standardization. Considering that all the t values listed in Tables 4, 6, 8 and 10 showed the significance of the average progress of French language students in social-affective strategies and interest in literary content (poetry), the null hypothesis that the intercultural education of poetry Contemporary French and Persian did not have a significant effect on strengthening emotional-social strategies among French language students and their interest in studying literary content (poetry) and rejected the main hypothesis that the cross-cultural teaching of contemporary French and Persian poetry has a significant effect on strengthening emotional strategies. It proved that it has a social relationship with French language students and their interest in studying literary content (poetry).
Therefore, and by achieving the goal of the research, which is to present a practical method in order to further link literature and French language education, by activating the sensory-emotional capacities and emotional-social strategies of students in dealing with the genre of poetry, by analyzing the data statistically, as well as the comparison of the pre-test and post-test results, we came to the conclusion that our method has been able to have a significant and positive change in strengthening students' use of social-affective strategies and interest in literary content (poetry) through the intercultural education of French and Persian poetry. Finally, the integration of literature and French language education in order to strengthen cognitive, metacognitive and communication strategies can be a suggestion for other research in the near future.
Volume 15, Issue 59 (6-2018)
Abstract
Review and compare writers of children's stories Theme comparative and world literature plays an important role in understanding the child's position in the world and attitude towards children's authors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative Theme author of children's stories both Iran and the world (Ahmad Reza Ahmadi and Megan McDonald to review practices Theme fit with a children's audience and author’s attitude towards children. Donald theme stories on issues like the curiosity and the increasing amount of information about your child and encouraging children to protect the environment and so on. Ahmadi could be to include the theme stories, questioning the way for a better understanding of the world. Depression and sadness caused by loneliness and its impact on children's audience. Seizing opportunities and moments. Children's stories Donald self-esteem and confidence so that could save the world, but the child in the stories Ahmadi, compared to children stories Donald, self-esteem are less and less adventurous and curious .