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This study was conducted to compare the morphological characteristics of wild and farmed common carp. In total 70 samples of common carp, including 25 samples of wild from Torkaman port and 45 samples of farmed common carp from Silver carp center in Gilan province were collected. Morphometric results were standardized using Elliott formula, and then principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were used. Independent t-test was used to evaluate the significance of traits between these two populations. The results of this study revealed that the two populations of wild and farmed common craps were completely separated from each other, using PCA and individuals were assigned to their true population with high accuracy (98%) based on DFA. Among the 33 truss distances that were analyzed, 16 distances showed a significant difference between two populations (p<0.05). The results showed that the studied populations can be distinguished by many morphological differences, especially by dorsal fin length, pectoral fin length, pelvic fin length, anal fin length, dorsal fin width, body width, tail stem width, distance between pectoral and pelvic fin, distance from mouth to dorsal fin and the distance from the mouth to the anal fin. Overall, the results showed that the population of wild carp was significantly different from the population of farmed common carp from the morphological point of view.
Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment revealed potentially related trait potential and genes associated with body shape, scaling patterns, and skin color.«نتایج کامل» بار نشدامتحان مجدد
 

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Studbook information collected from 1988 to 2011 in Jafarabad breeding station of Moghani sheep, north-west of Iran, related to 9,457 lambs were used to study the genetic diversity and to evaluate the effectiveness of an implemented rotational mating scheme using pedigree analysis. Lambs born during 2009-2011 were considered as reference population. Means inbreeding and average coancestry for the reference population were computed as 0.40 and 0.74%, respectively. The mean generation interval was 4.48 years with a longer generation interval on dam-progeny pathways. Average equivalent complete generation, as a measure of pedigree completeness, was 3.37. Effective population sizes were estimated to be 226 and 276 from the individual rate in coancestry and from the individual increase in inbreeding, respectively. Genealogical parameters estimated based on probabilities of gene origin including the effective numbers of founders, the effective numbers of ancestors, the effective numbers of founder genomes (founder genome equivalents) and the effective numbers of non-founder genomes considering the reference population were estimated as 143, 117, 67, and 126, respectively. Approximately, 50% of the total genetic variation was explained by the 43 most influential ancestors, with a maximum individual contribution of 3.27%. The results indicated that although some evidences on bottlenecks and genetic drift during recent years were identified in the studied population, a considerable genetic variability existed in this population due to implementation of an efficient rotational mating scheme for controlling inbreeding.

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Dromedary and Bactrian camels are two species of camel in Iran that have ecological adaptation to cold and hot desert area, respectively. They play an important role in the life and food security of nomadic tribes. The present study was conducted to investigate genetic diversity of 180 Iranian camels using microsatellite markers. In a panel of 20 microsatellite markers, we observed 214 alleles with a mean number of 10.7 alleles per locus. All loci exhibited PIC values more than 0.7. The genetic differentiation values (F_ST) per locus was different from 0.01 to 0.039 with an average of 0.021 across all loci. The estimate of genetic differentiation level between all Iranian camel populations in this study was low (F_ST: 0.008-0.021). High gene flow between populations was also observed. Phylogenetic tree illustrated that the highest genetic distance was between Bactrian and dromedary camel from YaD. However, the results of the present microsatellite analyses showed close genetic relationship in the studied populations. All of the population-locus combinations showed significant deviations (P< 0.01) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.