Showing 6 results for Motallebi
Volume 3, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract
Brassica napus is an important oilseed crop and the yield loss due to fungal disease stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious problem in cultivation of this crop. The pathogenesis-related (PR) protein, glucanase, hydrolyzes a major cell wall component, glucan, of the pathogenic fungi and acts as a plant defense barrier. In this study, a β-1,3-glucanase (bgn13.1) gene was isolated from the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma virens-10 (showing the high β-glucanase activity) and cloned in pUC19 cloning vector. The cloned fragment was confirmed by molecular analysis and showed to contain two short introns, 52 and 57 bp and an open reading frame coding 761 amino acids. The bgn13.1 gene was over-expressed under the CaMV35S promoter in B. napus, R line Hyola 308. Transformation of cotyledonary petioles was achieved by pBIKH1 containing bgn13.1 gene via Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404. The insertion of transgene was verified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genomic DNA Southern dot blotting in T0 generation. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the transgenic canola plants were able to transcribe the β-1,3 glucanase gene. Also, we used transgenic over-expression approach in order to investigate antifungal activity of expressed Bgn13.1 on S. sclerotiorum. The heterologous expressed Bgn13.1 of line # 7 and line # 10 compared with other lines showed stronger inhibition against hyphal growth of S. sclerotiorum with
Volume 6, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
Aims: As bone metabolic diseases, osteoporosis is a major threat to health, particularly in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to determine effect of education-based intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice of postmenopausal women concerning osteoporosis preventive behaviors.
Materials and Methods: This research is randomized controlled trial. It was done on 50 postmenopausal women with aged 50-60 years from Nehbandan, South Khorasan Province, Iran, in 2016 that were selected through multistage sampling method. The samples were divided into 2 groups (Control and intervention groups) and researcher-made questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed using independent and paired t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance test and SPSS 19 software.
Findings: In the intervention group, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude were significantly increased immediately after the intervention (p<0.001). The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice showed significant differences, three months after intervention (p<0.05). The increase in the scores of knowledge due to training was significantly different between the intervention and control groups. Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups three months after the training. The attitude was not significant in the control group. Comparing the two groups, the attitude score was significant (p<0.001). In the Intervention group, daily calcium intake of the subjects showed the significant difference.
Conclusion: Educational intervention based on group discussion is effective in increasing the knowledge, attitudes and practice of postmenopausal women in terms of osteoporosis preventive behaviors.
Volume 8, Issue 2 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Backgrounds: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important opportunistic bacterial pathogen that could cause serious infections, especially in neonates, adults, and the elderly. In GBS isolates, a macrolide resistance phenotype that confers constitutive resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics (cMLSB phenotype) has become a global concern. On the other hand, little is known about the genetic relatedness and diversity of GBS isolates isolated from various patients in Iran. Hence, this study aimed to determine the genetic relatedness and molecular typing of cMLSB-GBS isolates using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC- PCR) technique.
Materials & Methods: A total of 100 GBS isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI). Among them, 52 erythromycin-resistant GBS isolates were selected, and double-disc diffusion (D-zone) technique was applied to determine the MLSB phenotype among the isolates based on CLSI criteria. Then the genetic relatedness of MLSB-GBS isolates was assessed using ERIC-PCR fingerprinting method.
Findings: Among 52 erythromycin-resistant GBS isolates, 38 isolates were identified with cMLSB phenotype, nine isolates with M phenotype, and five isolates with iMLSB phenotype. The analysis of ERIC-PCR patterns revealed eight different ERIC types that were divided into seven clusters (A-G) and one single type. Also, four isolates were non-typeable. ERIC type A/ serotype Ib was the most prevalent clone among the isolates.
Conclusion: The current study findings showed a high level of diversity and multiclonal spread of the cMLSB phenotype in Isfahan. ERIC type A/ serotype Ib is the predominant clone circulating among erythromycin-resistant GBS strains.
Elahe Afsharipour, Ghobad Azari Takami, Seyed Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra, Abbas Ali Motallebi, Shapour Kakoolaki,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
In this study, the effectiveness of 4 killed VNN vaccines along with three types of adjuvants was evaluated by both immersion and injection methods. About 540 fish weighing 7-10 g of ozone (Acipenser stellatus Pallas 1771) were considered. Vaccination was performed in two stages one month apart, and one month after the second recurrence, exposure to the acute live virus was performed. During this period, the mortality rate of immersion and injection groups was 12.9% and 19.8%, respectively, compared to 100% mortality in the control group. Blood sampling was performed to assess immune factors (superoxide dismutase, lysozyme) in four stages before the first vaccination in the adaptation period, after the first vaccination, after the second vaccination one month and after exposure to live virus Acute was performed to identify changes before and after exposure to the virus. The results of the present study showed that immunization vaccination in the vaccinated group with the vaccine containing IMS 1312 SEPPIC adjuvant significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase 1745 IU / MI (p<0.05) and lysozyme 40.6 (p<0.05). Compared to other groups, which proves its better efficacy compared to other vaccines. Therefore, a vaccine killed with 75% IMS 1312 SEPPIC adjuvant can be recommended for vaccination against VNN.
Volume 19, Issue 126 (August 2022)
Abstract
The most important application of nanotechnology in the food industry is the production of active packaging with antimicrobial properties, packaging with special mechanical properties in terms of gas and heat exchange and nanosensors in intelligent packaging. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of silver and copper nanocomposites on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Nanocomposites containing silver and copper nanoparticles in 1, 3, 5 and 7% percentages were produced by extrusion method and were subjected to nanometric analysis. Then, the antimicrobial test of nanocomposites was performed on commercial strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by measuring the inhibition of growth in the culture medium. The data showed that the size of copper and silver nanoparticles was in the range of 20 to 50 nm and the dispersion of nanoparticles on the surface of nanocomposites was uniform with high purity. Antimicrobial test of nanocomposites showed that with increasing the percentage of nanoparticles, the diameter of the growth inhibition of nanocomposites increased significantly and the rate of inhibition of growth of silver nanoparticles was higher than copper (p≤0.05). Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to copper and silver nanoparticles than Escherichia coli (p≤0.05). The results of the present study showed that silver and copper nanocomposites with high antimicrobial properties can be used for food packaging.
Volume 20, Issue 4 (April 2020)
Abstract
Hydrostatic tube cyclic expansion extrusion process is a newly invented severe plastic deformation technique for producing long ultrafine-grained and nanostructured tubes with higher mechanical properties. In the present research, this process was applied through two passes at room temperature on the commercial purity copper. Then, the hardness, tensile properties, fracture surface and microstructure of the samples were evaluated. The main goal of this research was to achieve a material with a simultaneous high strength and desirable ductility. In this process, the utilization of pressurized fluid between the die and the tube leads to first, the desired improvement of mechanical properties due to the effects of hydrostatic compressive stress. Second, the reduction of a required deforming force
to eliminating the friction between the die and the tube leads to the facilitation of producing relatively long ultrafine-grained and nanostructured tubes. After two passes of process, a nearly equiaxed and homogeneous ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure was observed. The yield strength and ultimate strength increased from 75 MPa and 207 MPa to 310 MPa and 386 MPa, respectively. However, elongation to failure decreased from 55% to 37%. Also, the hardness value of the tube increased significantly from 59 Hv to 143 Hv, and the uniform distribution of hardness was obtained through the thickness of the tube. The fractography evaluations revealed that the predominantly ductile fracture happened in all samples of tensile testing. The hydrostatic tube cyclic expansion extrusion process can be utilized as a practical industrial method for producing relatively long ultrafine-grained tubes.
