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Showing 12 results for mahjoub
Volume 7, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, is the most destructive pest of tomato in Iran. Resistance levels of six tomato cultivars to the pest damage were evaluated during two tomato growing seasons (2014-2015). Samplings were done weekly. Leaf and fruit damages as well as the total yield of the cultivars were compared. Furthermore, leaf trichome density was evaluated. The highest to lowest leaf infestation rates were recorded for the Primo early, CaljN3, Petomek, Rio grande, Early urbana and Super 2270 cultivars respectively. Fruit infestation rate in Early urbana was significantly lower than the other cultivars in both growing seasons. Total yield of tomato (from the highest to the lowest) belonged to Super 2270, Early urbana, Rio grande, Petomek, Calj N3 and Primo early cultivars.
Volume 9, Issue 42 (12-2021)
Abstract
Research background
Anne-Marie Schimmel, (1991) in her book The Secret of Numbers which has been compiled in the form of an encyclopedia, has studied numbers from a historical-comparative perspective and has applied their function in different religions and denominations. Nour Aghaei (2009) in his book Number, Symbol, Myth has studied and analyzed the theme of myths and the function of numbers in advancing their process. Zabihnia Imran and Qayyumizadeh (2017) conducted a study in which they investigated the mythological and symbolic definition of numbers, the ironic compounds and common stereotypes that are due to the impact numbers have on popular culture.
Objectives, questions, and assumptions
This study seeks to map the function of numbers in the popular culture of Azerbaijan and seeks to investigate to what extent the basis of folk tales is related to hypertextual factors. The research questions are: 1. To what extent are numbers involved in the structure of folk tales? 2. Is the function of numbers related to the popular culture of each region? To answer rthe questions, the following hypotheses are raised: 1. Numbers are one of the main influential factors in the myths of nations. 2. The special culture of Azerbaijan has changed the function of some numbers.
The main discussion
The 360-page book Legends of Azerbaijan consists of fifteen legends from the region of Azerbaijan, which was written, translated and adapted by Ahmad Azar Afshar and its ninth edition was published in 2018. The main function of "one" in the legends of Azerbaijan is to happen once and express everyday events. The oppositional function of the "two" axis against the monotheism of the "one" is found in abundance. In a part of the story, we see the number three in the dripping water of life in the mouth of Prince Jamshid. The number four is used repeatedly and the narrator often seeks to draw the perfection and completeness of the subject. Among the functions of the number five in Azerbaijani mythology is the absolute use of the number five next to the number six for approximate reference to the few. "Seven" in all cultures indicates moderation and harmony, with the difference that the Iranians considered "six" to be an imperfect number. This is because "seven" was very sacred to them, and "six" had a defect that was completed by reaching seven. Eight years is the time for the prince to learn science and achieve perfection. The function of expectation and prosperity, which is associated with the number "nine", is one of the most important functions of this number in the legends of Azerbaijan. In terms of frequency in Legends of Azerbaijan, number ten is used 107 times. After that, the numbers smaller than ten is the most used. Number ten, for being the first number after the one-digit numbers, indicates the entry into a new multiplicity, and because it reaches one hundred in the next step, it indicates the return of the multiplicity to unity. Number thirty refers to order and justice and has been used in two places in the myth. Number forty is one of the most widely used numbers.
Conclusion
Apart from the unique function of each number, many of them have common features. This subscription is sometimes multiplied by the same number; for example, 3-6-12 and 40 have been used for grouping, and 4 and 8 have been used to induce perfectionism. Plurality is shown with 5-150-1000 and 7, and time with 4-12-12-40 and 15.18. It seems that there is a two-way relationship between the numbers used and the basis of Azerbaijani myths, which is often epic or love. For example, the multiplicity and frequency that is necessary for exaggeration in the epic is mostly shown by decimal numbers such as 10-50-100 and 1000. This induces the notion that "the hero must go through various stages to reach perfection" of numbers such as 29, 39 or 19, which in the hierarchy of numbers are the last number of the previous row and are incomplete, resulting in an integer after them. Turn around. Achieving connection, victory and perfection, which are often the theme of love stories, is depicted with 1-4-7-8-9-14 and 15. 7 and 40 also indicate the time of the mourning or marriage ceremonies. The presence of the numbers 1-2, 3 and 3 in the position of the counting unit indicate "A handful of clothes, a meal, a bouquet, a couple of bites on both feet and two eyes". The construction of compounds is manifested as "four-legged, five-door, three-way". Also, the metaphorical compounds such as "one eye blink, two to sit, two legs, three lives" indicate the function of numbers in the structure of language and literature.
References
Azar Afshar, A. (2018). Legends of Azerbaijan (in Farsi). Dey.
Noor Aghaei, A. (2009). Number, symbol, myth (in Farsi). Critique of Thoughts.
Shimmel, A. (1991). The secret of numbers. University of Religions and Religions.
Anne-Marie Schimmel, (1991) in her book The Secret of Numbers which has been compiled in the form of an encyclopedia, has studied numbers from a historical-comparative perspective and has applied their function in different religions and denominations. Nour Aghaei (2009) in his book Number, Symbol, Myth has studied and analyzed the theme of myths and the function of numbers in advancing their process. Zabihnia Imran and Qayyumizadeh (2017) conducted a study in which they investigated the mythological and symbolic definition of numbers, the ironic compounds and common stereotypes that are due to the impact numbers have on popular culture.
Objectives, questions, and assumptions
This study seeks to map the function of numbers in the popular culture of Azerbaijan and seeks to investigate to what extent the basis of folk tales is related to hypertextual factors. The research questions are: 1. To what extent are numbers involved in the structure of folk tales? 2. Is the function of numbers related to the popular culture of each region? To answer rthe questions, the following hypotheses are raised: 1. Numbers are one of the main influential factors in the myths of nations. 2. The special culture of Azerbaijan has changed the function of some numbers.
The main discussion
The 360-page book Legends of Azerbaijan consists of fifteen legends from the region of Azerbaijan, which was written, translated and adapted by Ahmad Azar Afshar and its ninth edition was published in 2018. The main function of "one" in the legends of Azerbaijan is to happen once and express everyday events. The oppositional function of the "two" axis against the monotheism of the "one" is found in abundance. In a part of the story, we see the number three in the dripping water of life in the mouth of Prince Jamshid. The number four is used repeatedly and the narrator often seeks to draw the perfection and completeness of the subject. Among the functions of the number five in Azerbaijani mythology is the absolute use of the number five next to the number six for approximate reference to the few. "Seven" in all cultures indicates moderation and harmony, with the difference that the Iranians considered "six" to be an imperfect number. This is because "seven" was very sacred to them, and "six" had a defect that was completed by reaching seven. Eight years is the time for the prince to learn science and achieve perfection. The function of expectation and prosperity, which is associated with the number "nine", is one of the most important functions of this number in the legends of Azerbaijan. In terms of frequency in Legends of Azerbaijan, number ten is used 107 times. After that, the numbers smaller than ten is the most used. Number ten, for being the first number after the one-digit numbers, indicates the entry into a new multiplicity, and because it reaches one hundred in the next step, it indicates the return of the multiplicity to unity. Number thirty refers to order and justice and has been used in two places in the myth. Number forty is one of the most widely used numbers.
Conclusion
Apart from the unique function of each number, many of them have common features. This subscription is sometimes multiplied by the same number; for example, 3-6-12 and 40 have been used for grouping, and 4 and 8 have been used to induce perfectionism. Plurality is shown with 5-150-1000 and 7, and time with 4-12-12-40 and 15.18. It seems that there is a two-way relationship between the numbers used and the basis of Azerbaijani myths, which is often epic or love. For example, the multiplicity and frequency that is necessary for exaggeration in the epic is mostly shown by decimal numbers such as 10-50-100 and 1000. This induces the notion that "the hero must go through various stages to reach perfection" of numbers such as 29, 39 or 19, which in the hierarchy of numbers are the last number of the previous row and are incomplete, resulting in an integer after them. Turn around. Achieving connection, victory and perfection, which are often the theme of love stories, is depicted with 1-4-7-8-9-14 and 15. 7 and 40 also indicate the time of the mourning or marriage ceremonies. The presence of the numbers 1-2, 3 and 3 in the position of the counting unit indicate "A handful of clothes, a meal, a bouquet, a couple of bites on both feet and two eyes". The construction of compounds is manifested as "four-legged, five-door, three-way". Also, the metaphorical compounds such as "one eye blink, two to sit, two legs, three lives" indicate the function of numbers in the structure of language and literature.
References
Azar Afshar, A. (2018). Legends of Azerbaijan (in Farsi). Dey.
Noor Aghaei, A. (2009). Number, symbol, myth (in Farsi). Critique of Thoughts.
Shimmel, A. (1991). The secret of numbers. University of Religions and Religions.
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Volume 10, Issue 0 (بهار 86- 2008)
Abstract
Objectives: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant predisposition to colon cancer. This hereditary genetic disease is characterized by more than 100 adenomatous polyps in colon and rectum. Additional features may include desmoids tumors, polyps in the upper gastrointestinal tract, osteomas and Congenital Hypertrophy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (CHRPE). A mutation in APC (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) is found in the majority of cases. Mutation detection and genetic analysis of APC in this syndrome is highly recommended as the penetrance is almost 100% by 40 years of age. The APC gene expanding on 5q21-q22 has 15 exons and has an ORF with 8538 nucleotides which codes a protein with 2843 amino acids. Materials and Methods: 5 families among 150 families were selected according to accepted diagnosis criteria of FAP. CSGE (Conformation Sensitive Gel Electrophoresis) technique for the first time was set up to screen mutations in all 15 exons of APC gene by this technique. Direct sequencing was used as gold standard to confirm CSGE results. Results: CSGE analysis showed electrophoresis migration anomalies and heteroduplex formation in exon 15 of APC in all patients. Further analysis by direct sequencing characterized these heteroduplexes as deleterious mutations. These mutations can be classified as non sense, frame shift and deletion. Conclusion: For the first time, CSGE technique was set up for mutation screening of coding and some parts of non coding regions of APC. In comparison with other screening methods, this technique has many advantages so it can be used in routine clinical laboratories. As mutation detection in APC is laborious, needs high tech technology and is expensive, finding sensitive and cost effective mutation screening technique would have direct positive effect on clinical management of families with familial susceptibility to colon cancer.
Batoul Adhami, Abdolsamad Keramat Amirkolaie, Hosein Oraji, Mohammad Kazemifard, Soleiman mahjoub,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the effects of lysophospholipid (LPL) different levels on growth, hematological indices, hepatic enzymes and lysozyme activity in rainbow trout fed diets containing fat powder. Experimental diets were four different levels including 0, 3, 6 and 9 gkg-1 LPL and control diet (containing fish oil) each in triplicate. After 56 days of trial, measuring growth parameter suggested improvement of body weight increasing, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio in LPL 9 compare to other diets containing fat powder, however, control diet owned the highest value (P<0.05). Also, inclusion of LPL caused an increasing in conditional factor of fish fed fat powder diets (P<0.05). According to the hematological indices, white blood cell highest value was observed in diets containing fat powder (P<0.05), while, red blood cell increased significantly by addition of 6 and 9 gkg-1 LPL to fat powder (P<0.05). Furthermore, administration of control and LPL 9 resulted in hematocrit enhancement among experimental diets (P<0.05). Enzyme evaluation revealed lower lysozyme activity in fat powder diets supplemented with 0 and 3 gkg-1 LPL compared other diets (P<0.05). Contrarily, hepatic enzymes elevated in fish fed fat powder diets (P<0.05). However, administration of 9 gkg-1 LPL led to decrease this value (P<0.05). Considering the results of the present study supplementation of 9 g LPL is suggested in rainbow trout diet containing ≈70% fat powder.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
One of the most important research topics in HRM field of study in recent decades, is the study of HRM-performance relationship. The importance of these studies is so much, as they imply both micro and macro implications of HR practices, encompass HRM influences on performance outcomes, and also the existence reason of HR practices and the nature of its practices. However, a body of researches have scientifically criticized/questioned the findings of aforementioned previous studies. These criticisms often comprise the methodological aspects of previous studies. Current study, in two phases, has been done by considering the importance of prementioned issue and the lack of a study in order to introduce and summarize those criticisms. First, we applied “mixed research synthesis” approach as one of the subsidiaries of meta-synthesis method. By studying and summarizing 40 valid critical papers in this field of study, we have presented and explained a five-dimensioned guiding map for introducing the criticisms on the HRM-performance researches. In order to assess research validity, CASP standard checklist was applied, and to determine the reliability, Cohen's Kappa was used in SPSS software which was confirmed by resulting in 0/762. In the second phase, the five dimensions, found in the former phase, were prioritized with AHP method.
Volume 14, Issue 7 (10-2014)
Abstract
This paper deals with the design of an unknown input observer (UIO) with the assumption that the well-known observer matching condition is not satisfied. The proposed method can be used for fault detection problems with the use of residual vector. The basis of method is to compensate the unmatched uncertainties with the use of a set of auxiliary outputs. The introduced auxiliary outputs are obtained from successive integration of the system measurements and known inputs. Then, an unknown input observer is proposed which estimates exponentially the outputs. Therefore, the residual vector, generated from the estimated outputs and the actual outputs, will be obtained which insensitive to the unmatched disturbances. At the same time, the sensitivity of the proposed residual vector to the fault in sensors is investigated. The generated residual vector will be more robust against the presence of noise in the measurements. It is shown through numerical simulations that the proposed residual vector is sensitive to the presence of fault in sensors while it is insensitive to the presence of the unknown input. In addition, a comparison with a derivative based method is presented.
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
In the present work, constructal design of annular finned tube has been studied. Geometrical parameters include fin diameter, fin thickness, fin pitch, tube outer diameter, tube length while physical parameters involve pressure drop number, Stanton number, fin-to-air conductivity ratio, and in-tube fluid-to- air conductivity ratio. The aim of this study is to enhance heat transfer by letting the geometrical degrees of freedom to morph. It was observed that at certain flow conditions, there exist optimal geometry and fin number for the finned tube construct in which its thermal resistance is minimum. Fin efficiency and tube-side convective heat transfer coefficient are higher at low pressure drops and Stanton numbers. In these conditions, analytical relationships were proposed to predict optimal heat transfer, optimal fin number and optimal geometry. It was seen that the optimal fin thickness-to-fin pitch ratio is merely dependent on the fin volume fraction; and it rises with the increase in fin volume fraction. Moreover, the optimum fin number is directly proportional to fin spacing – to- fin pitch ratio and inversely proportional to Stanton number. Furthermore, it was seen that in the range of parameters considered in this study, the tube with 3400 fins and aspect ratio of 0.63 has the most heat transfer rate.
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Autumn 2016 2016)
Abstract
The adequate capital is a main requirement for protecting the health of the banking system. Each bank or credit institution should always keep the proper ratio between the capital and the risk of their assets in order to ensure the stability and sustainability of its activities. The main function of such ratio is to support the bank, the depositors and creditors against unexpected losses. Previous studies on the relationship between financial and capital adequacy ratios have found different results. This study investigates the relationship between accounting financial ratios and capital adequacy ratio of the banking network. The data of three bank groups are evaluated using panel data analysis during 2006-2011. In both public and private commercial banks, the findings indicate a significant positive relationship between the size of the bank and capital adequacy ratio, and significant negative relationship between financial leverage and capital adequacy ratio. Within private banks group, return on assets and return on equity have significant positive and negative relations with capital adequacy ratio, respectively. Within public commercial banks, return on assets and return on equity have significant negative and positive relations with capital adequacy ratio, respectively. With respect to F-statistic, the findings indicate no relationship between financial accounting ratios and capital adequacy ratio in 95% confidence level among the bank group of article 44, which necessitates paying attention to capital adequacy ratio.
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2014)
Abstract
Credit institutions to provide variety of facilities to their customers, need to comprehensive studies by qualitative and quantitative aspects of their applicants. By this way, accomplish a complete evaluation of repay ability measure and calculate the refund facilities probability and finance services by them , these reviews generally validation name. The purpose of this study was ranking customer groups and specifies the best part of them until brokerage firm do its credit allocation process mechanically. Here, after the preprocessing of the data, they are processes in the RFM model. Then SOM neural network as one of the clustering algorithms will change customers to 10 cluster. Using the proposed model, the clusters will rank. The top clusters, identification and facilities grant operations to the members of these clusters will do. Finally, three clusters 5, 1 and 7 defines as top clusters that they are the target customers. Coefficient facilities granted to the top three clusters respectively are 0.271, 0.173 and 0.556.
Volume 19, Issue 11 (November 2019)
Abstract
Beams are the basic geometries in engineering and many engineering issues are simplified as a beam problem. In this paper, the dynamics and vibration analysis of composite Timoshenko beam made of epoxy graphite layers with two piezoelectric layers on both sides have been investigated. Extraction of motion equations has been conducted based on the first-order shear deformation beam theory using the Hamilton principle. The partial differential equations were converted to the first-order coupled differential equations and then they were solved by fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The effect of piezoelectric parameters on the vibrational and dynamic response of the beam has been investigated. The results show that the natural frequency of the beam decreases with increasing the length of the neam. Among piezoelectric parameters, the parameter of C11 has a lower effect than the effective transverse coefficient of e31 in the frequency response. As the ratio of the length of the beam is lower than the thickness, the effect of C11 will be greater on the natural frequency. The effect of the other piezoelectric parameters in the frequency response has also been evaluated very small relative to these two parameters.
Volume 21, Issue 149 (July 2024)
Abstract
In order to reduce waste and increase the added value of marine products, this study utilized Caspian kutum fish scales as fish waste to extract gelatin. The effects of two methods—water-bath and ultrasound—on the physicochemical characteristics of the extracted gelatin were compared. Gelatin was extracted from Caspian kutum fish scales by water bath and ultrasound-assisted extraction at 60 °C for 1, 2, and 3 hours. The results showed that, in general, ultrasound caused a significant increase in the extraction yield, %protein, and %ash of the samples (P<0.05). The results of SDS-PAGE and FTIR analysis confirmed that ultrasound could affect the structure of gelatin proteins, and longer extraction times (2 and 3 hours) caused a decrease in the content of alpha chains compared to that of beta chains. The FTIR results showed amides A, B, I, II, III peaks, and these peaks became more intense in samples extracted by ultrasound and at higher extraction times. The melting point and gel strength of gelatin extracted by ultrasound were 26.67 °C and 269 g, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the gelatin extracted by water bath (27.67°C and 307g, respectively) (P<0.05). The thermal analysis of gelatins showed that all samples had a broad endothermic peak between 35 °C and 200 °C related to water evaporation and an exothermic peak between 300 °C and 400 °C related to the thermal decomposition of gelatin.
Volume 27, Issue 2 (March 2025)
Abstract
In this study, the antagonistic effects of 14 Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria strains (PGPRs) against the phyto-pathogenic species Alternaria terricola Woudenb. & Crous were investigated, both in vitro and in vivo. The obtained results revealed significant inhibition effects of the 14 PGPR strains against A. terricola in both direct contact and indirect bioassays with significant variation. The dual in vitro culture tests revealed substantial inhibition rates in the growth of A. terricola strain, ranging from 25±5.41% (Pseudomonas koreensis O3RR25) to 71.87±3.12% (Bacillus megaterium FR1.11). Moreover, the indirect antagonism test showed that the volatile organic compounds produced by the 14 tested PGPR strains significantly inhibited the growth of A. terricola mycelium, with variations ranging from 36.61±0.94% (P. brassicacearum O3RR24) to 67.75±0.94% (B. megaterium FR1.11). Microscopic examination of A. terricola following exposure to the volatile compounds revealed significant structural damage, including inhibition of conidial germination, deformations, thin or fissured structures, irregular lengths, and the formation of empty segments. The in vivo application of B. megaterium FR1.11 resulted in the reduction of fungal development on detached leaves and tomato seedlings. This treatment engendered a significant increase in the levels of chlorophyll a, b and total, carotenoids, polyphenols, and proline in infected tomato seedlings compared to the control. Applying this PGPR strain to infected tomato plants allowed maintaining comparable level of malondialdehyde as the control. B. megaterium FR1.11 showed considerable in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity and could serve as a promising candidate for biological control strategies targeting phytopathogenic species of the genus Alternaria.
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