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Global aquaculture production has more than tripled during the last 15 years, and aquaculture is expected to account an increasing share in global seafood production. There are large differences among countries in the rate of growth and development of aquaculture. This review tries to explain the progress and problems of aquaculture during three last decades in Iran. The total production of Iran from aquaculture was 25,800 tons in 1994, approximately 8 percent of the total fisheries production. However, by 2008 it increased to more than 154,000 tons; 27% of total fisheries production. During the last decade, production share of different species in Iran has been variable. In the years 1998 and 2008 the highest percentage of aquaculture production was belonged to silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (50%) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; 40%), respectively. The results showed that culture of rainbow trout has grown noticeably in the past two decades. At present, Iran has been acquired the first rank of rainbow trout culture in fresh water of the world. But in contrast, in recent decade shrimp aquaculture industry has failed due to white spot syndrome. Coastal and inland waters of Iran have more potential for aquaculture development. Recently, great sturgeon Huso huso and some species of barbus family have aroused interest from government and private enterprises for potential aquaculture use. Although aquaculture of Iran has shown a significant growth in the last decade, but it is concluded by introducing new species and overcome to present aquaculture problems in the country, the aquaculture production will be increased to several times.

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Biofilter is one of key components of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) that affect initial investment, executing cast and success or unsuccess of system. Hence in this research, performance of barley straw, wood chip, sponge (as cheap and available media) and PVC pure pipe (to compare) based biofilters was surveyed in Common carp recirculating aquaculture system. To conduct this research 12 pilot recirculating aquaculture systems designed and 50 common carp individuals (mean weight: 4/8 g) were stocked in each system. After activation period (about 1 month), waste removal efficiency of biofilters and growth performance of Common carp were surveyed. Results indicated that sponge based biofilters had the best performance. Barley straw and wood chip based biofilters showed acceptable waste removal efficiency, while PVC pure pipe biofilters had poor performance. The highest feeding and growth performance of fish were observed in systems involved barley straw based biofilter. In conclusion barley straw, wood chip and sponge because of having low cast, being available, having relatively high specific surface area and showing acceptable waste removal efficiency, can be used in RAS and semi reuse systems.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of replacing phosphorus chemical fertilizer (triple superphosphate) with biofertilizers as an environmentally friendly approach.  In this study, Possibility of replacing Triple superphosphate fertilizer with phosphate solubilizing bacteria "Pseudomonas deceptionensis Persian10 strain" in 10 treatments with two bacterial factors (in two levels of inoculation and non-inoculation) and chemical fertilizer (in five levels 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended amount of fertilizer in the pond) was examined in aquarium conditions. Treatments included: 1: 100% fertilizer + bacteria, 2: bacteria, 3: 25% fertilizer + bacteria, 4: 50% fertilizer + bacteria, 5: 75% fertilizer + bacteria, 6: 100% fertilizer, 7: 75% fertilizer, 8: 50% fertilizer, 9: 25% fertilizer, 10: control (without fertilizer and bacteria). Bacterial densities, soluble phosphorus, phosphatase and pH were measured on days 0, 2, 7, 12 and 17. The results showed that the phosphorus of all treatments had an increasing trend on different days and at the same time, an increase in the pH value and a decreasing trend was observed in the bacterial population and the amount of phosphatase enzyme. The highest amount of soluble phosphorus was observed in treatments 4 and 5. According to the obtained results, the application of 50% phosphate fertilizer + phosphate solubilizing bacteria can be recommended as a suitable ratio for the fertility of fish ponds and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.

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Introduction: Fish consumption is increasing due to the global population growth. Therefore, taking advantage of new methods such as marine aquaculture can be a reliable source for the production of fish in the world. The purpose of this study is the spatial analysis of marine aquaculture farms in the coasts of Mazandaran province.
Materials and methods: In this study, three categories of criteria (water quality, economic-social and physical-environmental) were considered for spatial analysis of aquaculture farms in the coasts of Mazandaran, which are based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) and hierarchical analysis process (AHP), is used according to the definition of the decision law, and at the end, the existing aquaculture farms (9 farms) are analyzed using the Extract function.
Results and discussion: The results show that the location of the present farms can be transferred to more favorable areas with less risk. Among the existing farms, farms 1 and 2, located on the coasts of Joibar and Babolsar, have the most suitable condition and the highest amount of desirability. Also, the results of weighting between the three groups of water quality parameters show physical and socio-economic; Due to the importance of temperature, turbidity and chlorophyll criteria in marine aquaculture, water quality group has more weight than other groups (0.4034) and then the group of physical factors (0.3808) than social factors. (0.2168) more weight is given.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show the ability of GIS as well as satellite imagery to locate and evaluate marine aquaculture.

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Oak acorn is cheap and available but rich in tannin. The most economical method to remove anti-nutritional factors is soaking process and yeast can be used to break down them. Acorn was soaked in tap water for 24 hours with changing the water every 8 hours. Then the fermentation process was done for 24 hours with 0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, 10 and 15 g bakery yeast per 100 g acorn in 6 treatments. Control was not soaked and fermented. Common carp weighing 95.6 g were used for enzyme extraction to determine the in-vitro digestibility. Significantly crude protein in all treatments except the treatment containing 0.5 g yeast and crude fat in treatments containing 10 and 15 g yeast were higher than the control but ash, total phenolic compounds, non-tannin phenolic compounds and condensed tannins were lower than the control. Increasing the level of yeast caused a significant increase in the amount of crude protein. The lowest level of total phenolic compounds was observed in the treatment containing 15 g yeast. Soaking in tap water and the use of yeast significantly increased carbohydrate digestibility in treatments containing 0.5, 1.5 and 10 g yeast and protein digestibility in treatments containing 1.5, 5, 10 and 15 g yeast compared to the control. Based on reducing the amount of phenolic compounds, increasing the amount of protein produced, protein digestibility and carbohydrate digestibility, treatment containing 10 g yeast per 100 g acorn is recommended for processing acorns by soaking in tap water – fermentation method.

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