Showing 6 results for Diazinon
, Ahmad Gharaei, , ,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract
The acute toxicity and histopathology of Schizothorax zarudnyi (2±0.2 g body weight)exposed to diazinon was assessed statically in 22±2°C, following the OECD Guideline. The 96h LC50 value of diazinon for the fish was 14.70 mg/l, therefore making its MAC value 1.47 mg/l in natural waters. According to the table of insecticides sorting, the toxicity of diazinon was low for S. zarudnyi. Some clinical symptoms and abnormal reactions such as lordosis and neural paralytic syndrome, losing the balance and swimming in a half circle, expressive pigmentation mainly on the dorsal part and block of respiration movements in the fish exposed to this pesticide were observed. Histopathological evidence from the tissues of liver, kidney, gill, and gut revealed vascular tissue of the liver, sinusoids, hepatocytes vacuole degeneration, shrinkage and degeneration of some urinary cells, dilatation of Bowman's space, pycnotic nucleus of some kidney cells and increase in the number of interstitial kidney cells. Complications, such as hyperemia, telangiectasia, edema, shrinkage, clubbing and adhesion to the secondary gill filaments were also observed.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Pesticides improve crop yields, but misuse imposes environmental problems and diseases or abnormalities in humans. Based on food security definition, balanced attention to healthy and sufficient products, there is a growing need to pay attention to product health. The present study was aimed to measure the residual levels of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and diazinon (DZN) in potato Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agria and their chips by accurate, rapid, and reliable extraction method (QuEChERS) using gas chromatography equipped with NPD detector (GC-NPD). The samples were analyzed in pre-harvest stages, harvest, and storage. The recovery of DZN was 95.76–99.87% and 82.38–98.05%, and the CPF 90.85–99.07% and 79.4–89.76% in potatoes and chips, respectively. According to the specifications of the European Commission, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of <11% detected in this study confirms the accuracy of the extraction method. Moreover, the CPF residual level was detected only in the pre-harvest stage; however, the DZN residual levels in the pre-harvest, harvest, and storage stages, and chips were 0.074 ± 0.007, 0.039 ± 0.014, 0.029 ± 0.009, and 0.13 ± 0.042 μg.g-1, respectively. The residual level in chips and harvest and storage stages was higher than that in the maximum residue level (MRL).
Saeid Shahbazi Naserabad, Seyed Ali Akbar Hedayati, Atta Mouludi -Saleh,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Malathion and diazinon are widely used organophosphate pesticides in the agriculture fields, especially in the north provinces of Iran. In the current study, lethal concentrations of diazinon and malathion were determined based on big head carp calculated death rates at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours using probit analysis. Then, in a separate experiment and according to the obtained LC50, the effects of these toxins on fish hematological parameters was evaluated in which fish were disturbed in 10 treatments with 3 replicates (4 different doses of diazinon, 4 different doses of malathion and 1 control for each toxin) for 7 days. Fish were exposed to different sub-lethal concentrations of each toxin (12.5, 25, 37.5 and 75% of lethal concentration (LC50 96h). After 7 days, blood samples were collected and hematological parameters including hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells count, the total number of white blood cells and white blood cell differential count (the percentage of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils) were examined. The results of acute toxicity test showed that diazinon is more toxic to big head carp compared to malathion. Also, hematological studies of big head carp exposed to diazinon showed a significant reduction in red blood cells and white blood cells with increasing toxin concentration. Meanwhile, the percentage of neutrophils remarkably increased while lymphocytes significantly decreased along with increasing the concentration of diazinon.
Volume 12, Issue 46 (5-2015)
Abstract
Pesticides are found in fresh fruits, vegetables and different processed products as well. In this research, diazinon residue in tomato and also effect of different processes in tomato paste production on residue amount was studied. Applying HPTLC method, measurement of the pesticide residues was carried out on arrival, before washing, after washing and rinsing, in the juice, after concentration, and in the tomato pomace. In this study two different kinds of spiking on the tomato fruit was used: Immerging of tomatoes into 2 ppt solution of diazinon and water for one and ten minutes. Samples were analyzed in triplicate and the standard deviation was 2.63. Effect of chlorination on reducing the pesticide residues level was also measured after ten minutes dipping. Experimental results revealed that diazinon residues in tomatoes after one and ten minutes dipping were 16.56 and 19.8 μg/g, respectively. Effect of different processes during tomato paste production on residue amount after one and ten minutes dipping were as follow: after washing was 13.04, 16.6 μg/g, in the juice and in the tomato pomace samples was 12, 13.68 μg/g and 30.52, 39.96 μg/g. tomato paste sample was 8.84 μg/g for ten minutes dipping. Effect of chlorination on reducing the pesticide residues level of measured 24.96 μg/g, for ten minutes dipping.
Volume 15, Issue 83 (12-2018)
Abstract
Honey is a natural substance produced by honeybees and flower nectar. It has complex compounds such as carbohydrates (fructose and glucose), phenols, organic acids, amino acids, proteins, minerals, vitamins and lipids. Organophosphorus pesticides, as diazinon, are used more than other pesticides due to their effect on a wide range of pests and also cheap price. It is noteworthy that diazinon is in category 2 in the classification of the World Health Organization and is considered as a relatively hazardous pesticide. In this regard, in the present study, the amount of residue of diazinon in honey produced in Damavand region was measured with the aim of providing the health of consumers and preparing the ground for qualitative control of this product. The honey samples used in this study were prepared from six areas of Ayeneh Varzan, Aro, Havir, Mosha, Tar Lake and Damavand in June and September. Then, the separation and detection of toxin were done by HPLC. According to the results, the residue of toxin was observed in all sampling areas so that in some areas the amount of residual was higher than the maximum residue level (MRL). Also, the residue in June in all samples was more than the samples harvested in September. In this regard, the highest amount of residue was measured in June in Ayeneh Varzan (0.03919 ppm) and its lowest amount was measured in September in Havir region with the amount of 0.1714 ppm.
Volume 28, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide that has widespread applications in both agriculture and household settings. Diazinon poisoning can have detrimental effects on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to diazinon on histological features of the liver and kidney of rats.
Materials and Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats, aged 10 - 12 weeks and weighing 150-200 grams, were purchased and divided into two groups of 10. In the treatment group, diazinon was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day to each animal for 3 months, while the control group was maintained on a normal diet and drinking water. After 12 weeks of exposure, the animals were prepared for H & E staining, and the samples were examined under a light microscope.
Findings: The structural integrity of the liver and kidney was preserved in the diazinon-treated group compared to the control group, but mild effects of diazinon were observed in the liver tissue, such as foci of inflammation and hyperplasia of Kupffer cells, and in the kidney, such as the presence of epithelial cells in the distal tubule and cell detachment from the basement membrane.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the rats exposed to diazinon did not show significant changes in histological features in the liver and kidney, and these changes were subtle, possibly indicating a need for higher doses or longer exposure durations to diazinon.
