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Entrepreneurship is vital for driving innovation, economic development, and sustainability in the agricultural sector, empowering farmers, and ensuring food security. Successful promotion of agri-entrepreneurship demands a nuanced approach that considers both the personal traits of entrepreneurs and the institutional factors. This study employed linear regression analysis and principal component analysis to examine the determinants of entrepreneurial success and identify factors contributing to effective interventions across three distinct entrepreneurial categories i.e., farm-based, off-farm based, and service/tech entrepreneurs. Data was gathered through structured interviews involving two hundred agri-entrepreneurs in Rajasthan and Telangana states. The regression analysis revealed that diverse psycho-personal and socioeconomic variables like marital status, income levels, and achievement motivation were of significant influence. The principal component analysis provided valuable insights into the institutional factors underpinning effective entrepreneurship promotion interventions. Technical factors like tailored project support, financial enablers including government funding and tax incentives, and robust implementation mechanisms involving stakeholder collaboration were highlighted. Operational elements such as; training institute-industry-market-entrepreneur linkages, administrative commitments, and policy consistency, collectively shaped intervention effectiveness across the entrepreneurial ecosystems. This comprehensive examination of individual and institutional determinants offered a holistic perspective on fostering successful agri-enterprises, emphasizing the need for contextualized approaches that align personal attributes with tailored institutional interventions.

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The life cycle of bobtail squid (Euprymnahyllebergi:Sepiolidae) was investigated by incubating its eggs and rearing the hatchlings at 28.5±0.5°C and 37-38ppt salinity conditions in the Molluscs Research Station (Bandar Lengeh). After 12±3 days incubation, hatchlings with 2.23±0.05 mm mantle length and 4±1 mg wet weight emerged out. Hatchlings were fed with artemia, mysid shrimp and postlarvae of white-leg shrimp. In 30 days, they grew to 5.94±1.18 mm and 254±16 g, in 60 days to 13.96±1.87 mm, and 2.214±0.213 g, and in 90 days they grew to 18.14±2.23 mm and 4.234±0.548 g. First mating and spawning was observed in days 109 and 110, respectively, when the squids were 20.12±2.64 mm in mantle length and 5.849±1.204 g in body weight. Each female laid 70±10 eggs and died 2-4 days after spawning, followed by males after 7-15 days. Results show that bobtail squid have short life span and can easily be produced and succeeded by the next generation under laboratory conditions. 

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Temperature is the main environmental factor affecting the development of fish eggs. In this study, the effect of incubation temperature on fertilization rate, hatching rate and growth in goldfish (Carassius auratus) was investigated. Egg and sperm production were obtained by ovaprim injection and artificial propagation. Eggs were incubated at four temperatures (21, 24, 27 and 30 °C) with 3 replicates for each treatment and cultured for 40 days at the same temperature. The larvae were grown in the same aquarium that had been hatched under the same temperature condition for 40 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in fertilization rate of incubated eggs at different temperatures, but the highest (97%) and lowest (94%) fertilization rates were observed at 24 °C and 21 °C, respectively. The maximum incubation time was recorded at 21 °C and the minimum time required at 30 °C (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of hatching (74.4%) was observed at 24 °C and it decreased with increasing water temperature (P < 0.05). Although, the temperature of 30 °C showed the highest value of length, weight and specific growth rate of larvae in comparison to other temperature treatments, but the highest anomalies (13%) were observed in this treatment, too. The best temperature of incubation and growth of larvae is 24°C and 27°C for goldfish, respectively.

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Although several methods have been developed to make gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulate in tea, the active ingredients and health benefits vary widely depending on the manufacturing process of tea products. In this study, the levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in tea leaves given the continuous anaerobic condition were investigated. GABA and other free amino acids such as alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, and asparagine were increased in tea leaves after anaerobic treatment, whereas the contents of organic and fatty acids remained almost constant. Compared with untreated tea, anaerobically incubated tea possesses higher (-)-epigallocatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate contents, and lower IC50 values in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition assays, which may indicate that continuous anaerobic incubation enhances antioxidant activity. These results suggest that the continuous anaerobic treatment during manufacturing process may provide high quality GABA tea.

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Incubation with an acceleration approach results in promoting the interests of academic entrepreneurs, employment, transfer of knowledge and technology, creating sustainable organization, new businesses, social benefits, improving business survival rates, accelerating business creation, fostering innovation, entrepreneurship and economic development of the country. However, few studies have examined the causes that influence such consequences. This survey and applied research aims to study and identify factors affecting the outcomes of incubation with acceleration approach and the role of networking, financial support as well as technical facilities in this regard were assessed. The required data collected through a questionnaire from a sample of 45 managers and staff of 15 academic incubators in Tehran province and the data analysis was performed through correlation and regression methods. Research findings indicate that three variables of networking, finance and technical facilities have positive effects on incubation outcomes in academic incubators. In addition, the adjusted coefficient of determination indicates that these three variables account for 0.53 variations in incubation outcomes.