Showing 11 results for Litopenaeus Vannamei
Mohammad Hosseinpour, Valiollah Jafari, Abdolmajid Abdolmajid, Abbasali Zendebodi,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
The effect of simultaneous application of probiotic and digestive enzyme on the intestinal digestive activity of the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, was evaluated. For this purpose, the juvenile shrimps were fed for 30 days with a dietary probio-enzyme (containing a combination of six exogenous enzymes and four probiotic bacterial strains) at four concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g kg-1 feed. Shrimps (5.04±0.39 g ind-1) were randomly distributed in 12 aquaria (4 treatments × 3 replications); each aquarium contained 15 individual shrimps. Results indicated significantly (p≤0.05) higher growth performance, amylase and lipase activity at 0.5 g kg-1 treatment as compared to other treatments. Protease activity was, however, significantly (p≤ 0.05) higher at 1.0 g kg-1treatment as compared to other groups. Results also indicated that increase in the concentration of probiotic and enzymes supplementation was not associated with increase in all the digestive enzyme activity. In other words, probiotics and enzymes onlywithin specific range can have positive effect on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of L. vannamei, above or below.
Sara Ahmadi, Mehdi Soltani, Mehdi Shamsaei Mehrjan, Houman Rajabi Islami, Rahim Peyghan,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract
The effects of Pediiococcus acidilactici and Lactococcus lactis was evaluated on survival rate and some immunological parameters of L. vannamei during three months of cultivations. Treatments included control group, Pediococcus and Lactococcus treatments and probotic treatmentsfed at 1×109 cfu g-1. The results indicated that probiotics increased the survival rate (P<0.05). The best immune performance was shown in the probiotics treatments; phenoloxidase activity, proteins, and globulin hemolymph showed significant difference compared to the control treatment (P<0.05), whereas there were no significant influence on lysozyme activity (P≥0.05). In general, pediococcus treatment showed the best performance in enhancing the immune responses and survival rate.
, , , ,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
In this study five diets were formulated to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary Gracilaria pygmaea powder on growth performance, feed, apparent digestibility of and water stability in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Four formulated diets with three different levels of G.pygmaea (GL5, Gl10, GL15%) against a control (0% G.pygmaea) were fed to triplicate groups of L.vannamei (mean initial 6/5-7gr) for 40 days. Shrimp were fed 3 times per day, to apparent satiation and amounts of diet applied were recorded. After 40 days trial, results showed that final body weight (FBW) and weight gain (WG) of shrimp fed 10% (G.pygmaea) diets were significantly higher that those of shrimp fed other diets (P<0.05). Feed efficiency ratio (FCR) of shrimp fed 10% (G.pygmaea) diet were significantly high than that of shrimp fed control 5 and 15% (G.pygmaea) diets (P<0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficients of diets were the significantly different between the shrimp groups. Survival in all treatment was 100 %. Diets containing Gracilaria meal inclusion had significant effects on diet water stability compared with the control diet. Diet containing 15% G.pygmaea had the highest water stability after 4 h (p> 0/05). The results of this study showed that diet supplemented with 10% Gracilaria has a positive effect on the diet water stability, growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei.
F. Hosseinpour Delavar , M. Nafisi Bahabadi , M. Mirbakhsh, Kh. Niknam, S.a. Johari, E. Mohammadi Baghmollaii ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
The use of environmentally friendly methods is one of the new approaches in combating pathogens in aquaculture systems. The purpose of this research was the possibility evaluation of indirect use of Ag-NPs-coated porous ceramic in water filtration of culture system of shrimp post-larvae to control Vibrio harveyi. In this study, Ag-NPs-coated filters were characterized by various analytical techniques such as FTIR, XRD, ICP, and SEM. In this study, the antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs-coated on porous ceramic against mentioned bacteria via in vitro experiments Zone of inhibition test and Test tub test were determined. Then porous ceramic filter media used for water treatment. Therefore, the performance of the Ag-NPs-coated on porous ceramics in removing pathogenic bacteria was studied in two phases: In the first phase, V. harveyi was inoculated to the water and efficacy of filters of inhibition of bacteria was evaluated via total count of bacteria in the test water; in the second phase, the performance of the Ag-NPs-coated on porous ceramic was tested in the presence of shrimp larvae and efficacy of filters in inhibition of bacteria was evaluated via total count of bacteria, mortality rate, clinical signs, and also hepatopancreas and muscle culture. Based on the results, the highest zone of inhibition obtained in presence of Ag-NPs-coated porous ceramic modified by an aminosilane coupling agent, 3-Amino-Propyl-Triethoxysilane (APTES; the samples were immersed in the silver colloidal solution for 24h). The results of the flow test showed the highest bacteria removal efficiency from water with complete removal of the targeted pathogen. In the second phase, the results indicated a significant difference in decreasing of water bacteria, shrimp mortality and disease symptoms in treatment containing silver compounds compare to controls. According to results, Ag-NPs-coated porous ceramic have a high bacteria removal efficiency for the disinfection of water of culture system of shrimp to control Vibrio harveyi.
M.kh. Pazir, N. Javadzadeh Pourshalkohi, A. Rohani,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
This study was investigated growth indices, survival, and health parameters of Litopenaeus vannamei of 8.64±0.31gr, fed different diets 0, 0.5, 1, and 2% of powder garlic for 60 days. Results showed that weight, length and specific growth rate (SGR) of shrimp fed diets containing 2% of garlic powder (15.42gr, 16.2cm and 1.27%, respectively) significantly higher than other treatments (p<0.05), however, due to a significant increase feed conversion efficiency (FCE) in this treatment, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) is significantly reduced compared to other treatments (p<0.05). Also, because of stimulation of immune system, total haemocyte count (THC) and total plasma protein (TPP) were significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other treatment, which leads to significantly increased survival rate of shrimp fed diets containing 2% garlic powder compared to shrimp fed diets containing 0.5 and 0% of garlic powder (p<0.05). According to these results adding 2% garlic powder to the diet of L. vannamei will lead to improving growth indices and increase non-specific immune system efficiency.
, Saber Khodabandeh, Ferial Monsef, Seyed Saeed Voshtani,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (5-2019)
Abstract
Abstract The present study has done on 20 pieces L. vannamei shrimp, with average weight 5.53±0.02 g, in 500-liter tanks with three replicates during 8 weeks. At the end, the shrimp intestine were fixed in Bouin's solution for classic histology by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H & E) and green light (GL) and for immunolocalization of the Na+,K+-ATPase enzyme (sodium - potassium pump) by Immunohistochemistry methods. The results showed that the midgut epithelium was covered by simple columnar cells and nucleus position was in basal region of cells and Na+,K+-ATPase enzyme observed in basal region of cells. Evaluation of rectal pad large lobes deep infoldings and distance between the lobes were observed. Lumen was observed in the middle of rectal pad and apical lobes were evident and columnar cells in the marginal infoldings with basal nucleus were observed. Small appendage that called posterior diverticulum was located in primary and in upper region of rectal pad. This region was tubular and it cells with basal nucleus were observed. Rectum was located in distal region of hindgut. This region was a short muscular tube and lined with a simple columnar epithelium with low infoldings and apical nucleus in these cells were observed. The Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme (sodium - potassium pump) was located in baso-latral area in all regions of hindgut cells. We concluded that the use of H&E and GL is an appropriate method to separate different parts of intestine in vannamei shrimp and also immunohistochemistry is a suitable method for Na+,K+-ATPase enzyme localization.
Mohammad Khalil Pazir, Seyed Ahmad Ghasemi, Maryam Mirbakhsh,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (4-2021)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify different population broodstocks of Litopenaeus vannamei and effect of inbreeding and cross-inbreeding on genetic characteristics and inbreeding coefficient of offspring in the next generation. According to origin of broodstocks kept in hatcheries of Bushehr province in the first generation, different populations were identified through microsatellite method from Hybrid, High health and Molokai stocks then, in the next generations genetic characteristics of offspring from their inbreeding and cross-inbreeding were examined. The results showed that the amount of genetic diversity in Molokai and High Health stocks (0.46±0.09 and 0.50±0.07) was more than hybrid stock (0.38±0.06). The inbreeding coefficients of Molokai, High Health and hybrid stocks were 0.14, 0.31 and 0.41, respectively. Due to the low genetic distance between the hybrid and Molokai stocks, after mixing them together Molokai and High Health populations were introduced as the first generation broodstock. In the second generation, despite the high genetic diversity in the offspring of Molokai×High Health (0.47±0.12) and High Health×Molokai (0.39±0.08) than the offspring of Molokai×Molokai (0.19±0.04) and High Health× High Health (0.11±0.03), these values were reduced compared to the first generation. The lowest and highest inbreeding coefficients were related to the offspring of Molokai×High Health (0.268 ±0.18) and Molokai× Molokai (0.853±0.145), respectively. According to the results, it can be said that the lack of knowledge about the genetic characteristics of broodstocks and mating between individual relationships (full and half sib) can reduce genetic characteristics and genetic depression due to increased inbreeding coefficients in next generations.
Yalda Baniesmaeili, Arash Akbazradeh, Gholam Hossein Riazi, Farzin Abdollahi, Mohammad Niroomand,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
In this study, the effects of powder and leaf extract of Moringa oleifera on hemolymph factors of Litopenaeus vannamei in response to salinity stress were evaluated. After 8 weeks of feeding with powder (25, 50 and 100g / kg) and extract (0.25, 0.5 and 0.1 g/kg) leaves of Moringa and control treatment without Moringa, all treatments were exposed to short-term salinity stress (5 and 55 ppt). There was a statistically significant difference in total and differential count of homocytes in different dietary treatments in all three normal conditions and under salinity stress of 5 and 55 pp (p<0.05). Under normal conditions and high salinity, shrimps fed with Moringa leaf extract showed higher number of homocytes than other treatments. In stress-free conditions, the number of semi-granular cells in powder and extract treatments was higher than the control group. At 5 ppt, Moringa powder treatments had higher semi-granular and at 55 ppt salinity, the leaf powder group (100 g/kg) and the leaf extract (0.25 g/kg) showed the highest values, respectively. Overall, the results of this study showed the positive effects of using Moringa leaf powder and extract on innate immune system function and exposure to salinity stress in shrimp
Abdolrazaq Siyahoei, Seraj Bita, Javad Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Abstract
Today, the continuous release of environmental pollutants into aquatic ecosystems has made these environments extremely vulnerable and turned them into a storage sites for these toxic substances, so it is necessary to investigate the effects of these pollutants on aquatic life. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the toxicity of silver nitrate and observing the behavioral changes of Litopenaeus vannamei during its exposure. To determine the toxicity, the standard method of OECD was used. At first, the viability and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei were checked after two weeks of acclimatization to laboratory conditions, then by conducting preliminary tests, the actual lethality values of silver nitrate were obtained. In order to determine the median lethal concentration, shrimps were exposed to concentrations of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/L of silver nitrate for 96 h and their mortality were recorded daily every 24 h. The LC50, LOEC, NOEC and MATC were calculated based on shrimp mortality. During the viability and survival test, no mortality were observed up to 96 hours, and the survival rate of shrimps was 100%. The value of LC50, NOEC, LOEC and MATC were determined as 0.084, 0.02, 0.025 and 0.0084 mg/liter, respectively. In different concentrations of silver nitrate, shrimps showed behaviors such as abnormal swimming, fast movements of swimming legs, coming to the surface of the water, twisting the body around itself and eventually losing balance.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of glucosamine hydrochloride (G-HCl), glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride (GS-Na) and glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride (GS-K) isolated from the shells of Litopenaeus vannamei obtained from a shrimp processing plant.
Materials &Methods: G-HCl was synthesized via hydrolysis of chitin with concentrated HCl followed by several sequential decolorization, crystallization and washing steps. Using G-HCl as the precursor, addition of sodium and potassium sulfates at 40 ºC for 1 h resulted in production of GS-Na and GS-K.
Findings: The yield of chitin was found 19.9% and those of glucosamine products ranged between 75.5%-82.5%. The HPAEC-PAD indicated the presence of glucosamine monomers, as compared with commercial standard, with different elution time to that of glucose. The appearance of characteristic signals of O-H, N-H and C-O-C in the FT-IR spectra provided further support of glucosamine successful isolation. SEM images and EDX spectra of glucosamines confirmed the elemental compositions of samples and their polyhedral crystalline structures. DSC and TGA thermograms indicated endothermic and exothermic peaks specific to glucosamine products. Relatively low DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing power was obtained for all glucosamine products. all the glucosamine derivatives indicated an anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-simulated RAW264.7 cells.
Conclusion: Glucosamine products showed no cytotoxicity and down-regulated the release of NO in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells induced by LPS. Overall, the present results indicated the successful production of glucosamine from the waste of L. vannamei processing plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Volume 12, Issue 48 (9-2015)
Abstract
Shrimp is one of the highspoilage seafood that keeping its quality after harvesting is the most important problems to aquatic product industry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of icing on the quality and shelf lifeof Litopenaeus vannamei. After harvesting, shrimp was dipped in sodium metabisulphite solution. Then, divided in immediately icing and 2 hours delay icing treatments. Microbial (MBC, PTC), chemical parameters (PV, TBA, TVB-N) and sensory analysis were measured at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days. The psycrotrophic bacteria and mesophilic counts of 2 hours delay were more than those of the immediately treatment. The mesophilic counts were more than psycrotrophic bacteria in the first days of storage but the psycrotrophic bacteria more increase in comparison to mesophilic during storage. Chemical parameters of immediately icing treatments had a slower growth than the 2 hours delay. Sensory index reduced during storage. Results of this research show that immediately icing was significantly effect on shelf life of Litopenaeus vannamei. Then the shelf life of shrimp was 9 and 12 days in 2 hours delay and immediately treatments respectively.
