Showing 11 results for Lysozyme
Volume 1, Issue 1 (3-2012)
Abstract
The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), which is known as one of the most important economic pests, can cause severe damage to different crops in Iran and many countries of the world. The effect of five maize hybrids: SC260, SC500, SC700, SC704 and DC370 on lysozyme activity in the hemolymph of sixth instar of H. armigera using lytic zone assay and its association with some fitness parameters of this pest was studied in growth chamber (25 ± 1˚C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L : D) h). Our results indicated that except on SC260, the frequency of high immune-activated larvae on the other maize hybrids was lower than that of low immune-activated larvae. The mean lysozyme concentration in H. armigera larval hemolymph was the highest on SC260 (0.096 ± 0.01 mg/ml) and lowest on DC370 (0.060 ± 0.007 mg/ml). The longest pupal period was on SC500 (12.00 ± 0.49 days) and the shortest was on SC700 (10.37 ± 0.19 days). Daily and total fecundities of H. armigera were the highest on DC370 (61.68 ± 9.85 and 196.89 ± 49.30 eggs, respectively) and lowest on SC260 (20.60 ± 5.88 and 52.71 ± 18.80, respectively). The results of this study can provide fundamental information for management of H. armigera on maize hybrids.
Fariba Shafiei, , , , ,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
The effects of alcoholic extract from pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel on some hematological and biochemical parameters, including RBC, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, TP, CHO, GLU, LDL, HDL, Glb, TG, GOT, GPT, Alb, ALK, LDH, and lysozyme activity of common carp )Cyprinus carpio( fingerlings (11.73 ± 1.81g) were studied for a period of 75 days. Treatments included different concentrations of ethanol extract of pomegranate peel (Zero: control, 50, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg of diet). At the end of experiment, all fish were sedated for morphometric measurement and blood sampling. Significant increases in Hb, Hct and RBC in groups 300 and 600 mg/kg of diet were observed (P<0.05). Total protein in groups 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg of diet showed a significant difference with other groups (P<0.05). Lysozyme activity was significantly enhanced in all diet containing pomegranate peel extract compared to the control group (P<0.05). In brief, the present study revealed an overall improvement in hematological parameters and lysozyme activities and total protein when 300 mg pomegranate peel extract was used in the diet.
Volume 8, Issue 2 (6-2020)
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical characterizations of the lysozyme enzyme for evaluation of its importance in the immune system of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.
Materials & Methods: In the present study, lysozyme was extracted from the spleen of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Then, partially purified by ammonium sulfate and some properties such as optimum pH and temperature as well as the effects of different salt concentrations of NaCl, MgCl2, KCl, and urea on enzyme activity were evaluated. The enzyme activity was assayed using a suspension of Micrococcus lysodeikticus as a substrate.
Findings: The optimum pH and temperature were found 4 and 50°C, respectively. Furthermore, lysozyme activity was found to be dependent on salt concentration.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it's been concluded that lysozyme extracted from the spleen of the C. carpio has its optimum activity at high temperature and low pH condition and its activity could be continued with the presence of different salt compounds which all these are related to the environmental conditions of natural habitats of the C. carpio and showed that lysozyme could be one of the key factors of the immune system in this species.
Batoul Adhami, Abdolsamad Keramat Amirkolaie, Hosein Oraji, Mohammad Kazemifard, Soleiman Mahjoub,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the effects of lysophospholipid (LPL) different levels on growth, hematological indices, hepatic enzymes and lysozyme activity in rainbow trout fed diets containing fat powder. Experimental diets were four different levels including 0, 3, 6 and 9 gkg-1 LPL and control diet (containing fish oil) each in triplicate. After 56 days of trial, measuring growth parameter suggested improvement of body weight increasing, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio in LPL 9 compare to other diets containing fat powder, however, control diet owned the highest value (P<0.05). Also, inclusion of LPL caused an increasing in conditional factor of fish fed fat powder diets (P<0.05). According to the hematological indices, white blood cell highest value was observed in diets containing fat powder (P<0.05), while, red blood cell increased significantly by addition of 6 and 9 gkg-1 LPL to fat powder (P<0.05). Furthermore, administration of control and LPL 9 resulted in hematocrit enhancement among experimental diets (P<0.05). Enzyme evaluation revealed lower lysozyme activity in fat powder diets supplemented with 0 and 3 gkg-1 LPL compared other diets (P<0.05). Contrarily, hepatic enzymes elevated in fish fed fat powder diets (P<0.05). However, administration of 9 gkg-1 LPL led to decrease this value (P<0.05). Considering the results of the present study supplementation of 9 g LPL is suggested in rainbow trout diet containing ≈70% fat powder.
Fahimeh Tollabian, Morteza Kamali,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of acetaminophen on hematologic and blood biochemistry of rainbow trout in a 4-day period. To that end, total 300 fingerlings with an average body weight of 12.5±2.5 g were randomly allocated into 15 polyethylene tanks (with 100L volume). Fingerlings were exposed to five concentrations of acetaminophen, namely, 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1. 10 mg/L for 4 days. Hematologic and Biochemical Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Acetaminophen were measured. According to the results, the number of white blood cells was significantly different compared to the control group and other treatments at concentration of 10 mg/l. The number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, mean hemoglobin volume (MCV) and hematocrit were higher in the control group and And the lowest amount was observed at a concentration of 10 mg/l and There was a significant difference between these parameters in different treatments. There wasn´t significant difference in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCH) between experimental treatments. There was a significant difference in serum lysozyme enzyme and complement (ACH50) activity in fingerling exposed to acetaminophen. There was a significant difference in cortisol and glucose levels in different treatments so that the most amount of cortisol and glucose showed in the control group and the less amount was observed in treatment 5.
Omol Banin Salary, Flora Mohammadizadeh, Amir Houshang Bahri, Alireza Salarzadeh, Maziar Yahyavi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
In this study, the impact of marigold and spirulina, both in isolation and in conjunction with one another, was analyzed on several indicators relating to growth, immunity, survival, and levels of astaxanthin present in zebrafish tissue. 120 zebrafish were randomly allocated to 10 litre aquariums across four different treatment groups (with three replications in each group, each containing 30 fish). The control diet is based on the basic diet, the second treatment diet contains 25 g/kg of spirulina powder (SP) on the basic diet, the third treatment diet contains 25 g/kg of marigold powder (MG) on the basic diet, and the fourth treatment diet It also contains 25 grams of marigold powder (MG) and 25 grams of spirulina (SP+MG)/kg of the basic feed. At the end of the experiment, some immune indicators and astaxanthin were checked in the tissue. The results of this study show the significant effect of spirulina (SP), marigold powder (MG), and the combination of spirulina and marigold powder (SP+MG) on immunity, and astaxanthin. Especially the marigold and the combined treatment of spirulina and marigold showed better performance (P<0.05). respectively, SP+MG and MG treatment significantly increased total protein, lysozyme, and astaxanthin in fish tissue, and the highest amount of IgM was observed in MG treatment (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in relation to growth and survival.
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2023)
Abstract
In this article, the interaction between lysozyme and CdTe nanoparticles was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence, thermal stability, kinetics, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic methods at pH 7.25. It was proved that the fluorescence quenching of lysozyme by CdTe NPs was mainly a result of the formation of the CdTe–lysozyme complex. By the fluorescence quenching results, the Stern–Volmer quenching constant (KSV), binding constant (Ka), and binding sites (n) were calculated. Under pH 7.25 conditions, the level of binding constant is determined to be 2.33×103 from fluorescence data. The hydrogen bond or van der Waals force is involved in the binding process. The blue shift of the fluorescence spectral peak of protein after the addition of CdTe nanoparticles reveals that the microenvironments around tryptophan residues are disturbed by CdTe nanoparticles. The effect of CdTe NPs on the conformation of lysozyme has been analyzed by means of UV-Vis spectra and CD spectra, which provided evidence that the secondary structure of lysozyme has been changed by the interaction of CdTe NPs with lysozyme.
Volume 13, Issue 55 (9-2015)
Abstract
In recent years, many advances have been made in improving the biocatalytic activities of enzymes. Interaction of enzymes and macromolecules have important role in stabilization of enzyme’s structure and function. Lysozyme lyses the bacterial cell wall by splitting ß (1–4) linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine of the peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls. Tragacanth is a polysaccharide obtained from exudates of the species of Astragalus. It is a very complex heterogeneous anionic polysaccharide of high molecular weight. Tragacanth consists of two main fractions: a water-insoluble component called bassorin, and a water-soluble component called tragacanthin. The aim of this investigation was to attach tragacanthin (water-soluble component of tragacanth) to lysozyme by Maillard reaction. The covalent attachment of this hydrocolloid with lysozyme was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and ion exchange chromatography. The conjugates exhibited improved solubility, foaming and emulsion properties. In addition, thermal stability of lysozyme in this conjugate was increased significantly. According to these results, attachment of lysozyme to tragacanthin can increase the application of this hydrocolloid as a functional component and lysozyme as a natural antimicrobial component in food and pharmaceutical industry.
Volume 13, Issue 60 (0-0)
Abstract
Volume 16, Issue 87 (5-2019)
Abstract
In this research, the effects of whey protein concentrate based edible coatings containing different concentrations of natamycin and lysozyme–xanthan gum conjugate were investigated. For this purpose, Escherichia coli O157:H7 (as an indicator for gram negative bacteria and also resistant to commercial pasteurization), Staphylococcus aureus (as an indicator of gram-positive bacteria), and Penicillium chrysogenum were inoculated to ultrafiltrated white cheese surface and the microbial properties of cheese samples were evaluated during 28 days storing. The results showed that all coated treatments significantly reduced the growth of Penicillium chrysogenum. Natamycin-containing coatings have been more effective in reducing the mold population than lysozyme-xanthan-containing coatings. Coated samples containing 600 ppm lysozyme-xanthan reduced E. coli O157: H7 growth 2.09 log compared to control samples. Also, the growth rates of Staphylococcus aureus were lower in all samples treated with lysozyme-xanthan than control sample. The lowest growth rate of Staphylococcus aureus was observed in the coated sample containing 600 ppm lysozyme-xanthan on 28th day, with a microbial population of 2.60 logarithms. Unlike other treatments, the growth rate of Staphylococcus aureus in the sample coated containing 600 ppm lysozyme-xanthan was descending over 28 days. The results of this study showed that whey protein based edible coating can be used as a carrier of natamycin and lysozyme-xanthan in optimal concentration, for increasing the microbial quality of UF cheese.
Volume 23, Issue 3 (7-2020)
Abstract
Aims: Living cells have an electrical charge created by the presence of ions and free radicals. Magnetic fields interact with ions, especially ferromagnetic materials such as iron that affect living cells. A common feature of about 20 different diseases is the aggregation of proteins in the form amyloid structure. In the current study, the effect of static magnetic field (SMF) on the formation and the toxicity of amyloid structures was investigated.
Materials & Methods: CHO cells were exposed to 6mT SMF in three consecutive days, and the effect of SMF on the formation of amyloid structures in the intrinsic proteins of these cells related to the control was investigated using thioflavin T (ThT) binding assay. The formation of amyloid structures in CHO cells expressing human ProIAPP cells was analyzed by observation of proIAPP protein aggregates linked to GFP protein. The effect of SMF on the toxicity of lysozyme oligomers on CHO and Hela cells was also compared with the controls.
Findings: Exposure of CHO cells to magnetic fields does not have a significant effect on the formation of amyloid structures in the intrinsic proteins of CHO cells and the amount of these structures in CHO cells expressing proIAPP protein but can increase the toxicity of lysozyme oligomers on CHO and Hela cells.
Conclusion: The magnetic field does not have a significant effect on the formation of amyloid structures in the 6mT SMF strength, but it adds to the toxicity of these structures.
