Showing 31 results for Sturgeon
, Mohammad Reza Kalbassi, , ,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract
The effect of nonylphenol on vitellogenin and zona pellucida 3.1 expressions in the liver, spleen, gill and muscle tissues of the juvenile Persian sturgeon were investigated. The fish were initially injected per kilogram of their body weights with 100mg nonylphenol, 5mg 17 beta estradiol, and 2ml peanut oil carrier agent (respectively, for the main treatment, positive and negative controls), and had the extracted RNA of their tissues converted into cDNA. Afterwards, RT-PCR reaction for each tissue sample was done separately. Results showed vitellogenin gene was expressed only in the liver, but zona pellucid 3.1 gene was expressed in the liver as well as the spleen of the fish exposed to nonylphenol and 17 beta estradiol. No vitellogenin gene in the spleen, gill and muscle was expressed; no gene for zona pellucida 3.1 was either observed in the gill and muscle. The expression rate of vitellogenin gene was 9.95±2.48 for the treatment with 17 beta estradiol and 2.85 ± 0.35 with nonylphenol; the expression rate of zona pellucida 3.1 was 9/98 ± 2/51 for exposed treatment with 17 beta estradiol and 3.37±0.35 for the treatment with nonylphenol. In conclusion, considering the meaningful effect of nonylphenol on vitellogenin and zona pellucid 3.1 expression in liver and spleen, it could be used for detection of xenoestrogen biomarker in the Persian sturgeon.
, , Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani, Salar Dorafsahn,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract
The effect of sublethal concentrations of cadmium on some haematological parameters of juvenile sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus. For this purpose, 60 fish (41.69 ± 0.95 g and 23.98 ± 0.14 cm) were randomly divided into four experimental groups and exposed to 0 (control), 16, 32 and 64 μg/L Cd concentration, each in 3 replicates for 21 days. The hematological parameters, including red and white blood counts, differential white blood count, hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and white to red cells ratio were determined using standard methods. The highest level of Hct (30.57 ± 1.91%) was observed in fish exposed to 64 µg/L (p<0.05). The highest mean values of Hb (10.01 ± 0.63 and 10.47 ± 0.57 g/dL) were measured in the fish exposed to 32 and 64 µg/L of Cd, respectively, which was significantly higher than Hb values in the control (8.24 ± 0.38 g/dL). For the rest of parameters, there were no significant differences between fish exposed to different Cd doses (p>0.05). The results indicated at least some deleterious effects of sublethal concentration of Cd on some hematological parameters of sterlet, which maybe reflecting the stress response as well as deleterious effects on haemopoietic tissues.The study of long term effects of Cd exposure of starlet is suggested.
, ,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (9-2014)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of enriched Artemia with fish and soybean oils supplemented with vitamin E on growth performance, stress resistance, antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) larvae. Five experimental diets including non-enriched Artemia (control diet), Artemia enriched with soybean oil supplemented with 15 or 30% vitamin E (S15 and S30 diets) and fish oil supplemented with 15 or 30% vitamin E (F15 and F30 diets) were used. The larvae were fed to apparent satiation for 17 days. The results indicated that fish fed enriched Artemia had no significant differences compared with control group in terms of growth and survival, but increase in vitamin E levels from 15 to 30 % improved growth performance and resistance to salinity stress. Vitamin E content in fish fed S15 and S30 diets was significantly higher compared with the other treatments. Antioxidant enzymes activity in fish fed non-enriched Artemia, F15 and F30 diets were higher. The highest TBA value was observed in fish fed non-enriched Artemia. The results demonstrated that the addition of vitamin E to the fish and soybean oils for Artemia enrichment could reduce oxidation of oils and beneficial for the health and quality of larvae. In conclusion, enrichment of Artemia with soybean oil supplemented with 30 % vitamin E (S30 diet) is recommended for feeding Persian sturgeon larvae.
, ,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (12-2014)
Abstract
The effect of thiamine injection at doses of 0 (T0), 5 (T5) and 50 (T50) mgkg-1 body weight on reproductive performanceof 45 females (698.7 ± 8.9 g) sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) was investigated in fiberglass tanks. Fish were fed practical diets supplemented with 1 g/kg amprolium hydrochloride (as the anti-thiamine) once a day for 5-month before spawning. At the end of 5 months trial, no significant difference was observed in germinal vesicle migration among treatments (p>0.05). Estradiol level was not significantly different (p>0.05), but testosterone was affected by injection of thiamine (p<0.05). Fecundity and latency time was not significantly different (p>0.05) among the treatments, but number of eggs per gram and hatching rate were significantly different (p<0.05). According to the results, injection of 50 mg thiamine hydrochloride per kg body weight had a positive effect on reproductive performance and could reduce the negative impacts of anti thiamines in natural environment.
, , , , ,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (2-2015)
Abstract
The effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus as a probiotic on the growth and immunological factors of the Siberian sturgeon, Acipencer baerii, was assessed. For this purpose, 180 fish specimens of 143.3±0.01 g body weight were randomly distributed in 12 fiberglass tanks (15 fish per tank) and fed with four diets containing 107, 108 and 109 bacterial cells per gram, respectively. The forth diet (control) contained no probiotics. Results showed significant improvement in FCR, PER, SGR and BWI in groups fed on diets containing probiotics compared to the control group. However, CF decreased in the probiotic- treated groups, though not significant. The result of immunological factors indicated increased lyzozyme activity, ACH50 and total igM. The best result from the assessment of immune factors was observed in the fish fed with 109 bacteial cell per gram of diet.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (1-2002)
Abstract
Samples from five sturgeon species including Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), Russian sturgeon (A. gueldenstaedti), Great sturgeon (Huso huso),Ship sturgeon (A. nudi-ventris) and Stellate sturgeon (A. stellatus) were collected from the South Caspian Sea. DNA was extracted from the fins, eggs and skeleton muscle of the five species. RAPD markers were used for identifying different kinds of black caviar and sturgeon meat. The polymorphic band from RAPD amplification of DNA from two out of five sturgeon spe-cies was purified, cloned and sequenced. RAPD analysis was carried out in order to com-pare the five species using an operon primer set. Sequence Characterised Amplifed Re-gion (SCAR) primers were designed and used to amplify caviar DNA from five sturgeon species. A marker of potential economic importance was discovered that is able to distin-guish three species from caviar and also to distinguish Ship sturgeon caviar from osetra caviar (from Russian and Persian sturgeon) and also other species. This marker could as-sist international conservation and legal efforts to save what is left of the commercial Ship sturgeon populations which are endangered and whose caviar is at present substituted for the more expensive osetra caviar.
Ebrahim H. Najdegerami, , , , , ,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Effects of feeding Artemianauplii enriched with PHB (0, 0.1, 0.3 and 1 g/L concentration) on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity and hindgut bacterial community in the Persian sturgeon hatchlings were investigated. PHB treatment significantly (p≤ 0.05) decreased growth performances of the hatchlings. The PHB also significantly increased the total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n6, but decreased the total MUFAs, C18:3n3, n3 and n3/n6. PHB also altered digestive enzyme by significantly decreasing the total protease, amylase, and lipase. Based on molecular analysis, PHB changed the microbial community in the hindgut of the hatchlings where less dominant bands were observed. Our results show that PHB has negative effects on the Persian sturgeon hatchlings. Further studies are needed to find out the optimal concentration of PHB to apply in early larval rearing of sturgeon.
, , ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different sources and levels of carbohydrate (glucose and corn starch) on growth performance and carcass composition of juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Two weeks after acclimatization period to rearing conditions and basal diet, the number of 120 Siberian sturgeon juveniles weighing 25.64 ± 2.80g were randomly distributed into 12 fiberglass tanks in four treatments (glucose 15%, glucose 30%, corn starch 15% and corn starch 30%) in three replicates and kept at a density of 10 fish per tank (one fish per 35 liter) for a period of 8 weeks. Results showed that final weight, final total length, percentage of body weight increase, specific growth rate, mean daily growth, protein efficiency ratio and condition factor in fish fed corn starch 15% were high in comparison with other treatments (P>0.05). Fish fed corn starch 15% had the lowest (P>0.05) food conversation ratio. Significant difference was seen between fish fed corn starch 30% with fish fed glucose 15% in HSI (P0.05). The highest content of carcass protein was seen in corn starch 15% that showed significant difference with treatments glucose 15% and 30% (P
Roghayeh Jafari Taraji, Alireza Alishahi, Seyed Mahdi Ojagh, Abbas Esmaeili Molla,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract
Protein hydrolysate (PH) from viscera of cultured Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) was produced. To optimize the production conditions, Response Surface Method (RSM) was employed to examine the effects of three different operating conditions, including time, pH, and enzymatic concentration (Alcalase) on the degree of hydrolysis.The mathematical model showed acceptable fitness of the experimental data as R2 equaled 0.97, which indicated that major part of the variability within the range of values could be explained by the model. The results showed that the highest degree of hydrolysis (58.21%) was related to the treatment which happened at the enzymatic concentration of 2%, 60 minutes time, and pH=8. Treatment under hydrolysis condition (i.e., E/S = 2%, Time = 45 min, and pH = 8.5) had the highest protein content (42.37g/l), which was used as an alternative to commercial peptone medium (Triptic soy broth) to assess the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria from 0 to 48 hours. Although there was an upward trend in growth rate of S. typhi both in control and No. 15 (Alcalase) treatments, the log growth of control treatment was found to be better than that of Alcalase treatment. However, there existed no significant difference between the two treatments.
Sedigheh Babaei, Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari, Mehdi Hedayati, Mohammad Ali Yazdani-Sadati,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
The present study investigateeffect of different dietary macronutrient composition on fatty acids profile, body fat and pancreatic lipase enzyme activity in Siberian sturgeon. A group of 180 Siberian sturgeons juvenile (initial weight, 30 ± 5 g) were used in this experiment and fed on four isoenergetic diets. Diets were named LP-St (low protein and high carbohydrate: lipid ratio), HP-St (high protein and high carbohydrate: lipid ratio), LP-L (low protein and low carbohydrate: lipid ratio) and HP-L (high protein and low carbohydrate: lipid ratio). Fish were fed apparent satiety for 10 weeks. The samples were obtained from body carcass and juveniles intestine. In this study, the same level of fish oil and sunflower oil were used as a source of diet lipid content. The HUFAs content in HP-St and LP-L diets were showed highest and lowest value, respectively. The results showed the body fatty acidsprofiles was significantly affected by fatty acids composition in diets (P < 0.5). Diets with high protein and high carbohydrates concentrated SFA and MUFA in fish carcass. Moreover, the PUFA content increased in sturgeon fed with high lipid diet. However,the results of this study showed the body lipid content wasaffected by total lipid content of diet and lipase activity decreased in Siberian sturgeon intestine fed on LP-L diet with lowest HUFA.
Mahtab Yarmohammadi, Mohammad , , , ,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
The effects of starvation periods on physiological response of the juvenile Persian sturgeon, Acipencer persicus, was assessed through such stress factors as glucose, cortisol and hepatic enzymes for a period of 8 weeks. For this purpose, in a randomly designed experiment, five groups of fish (108.04 ± 0.28 gr) in 3 replicates were starved for a period of 0 (control), 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks and fed them to satiation after their starvation lags. Blood plasma glucose and cortisol during starvation periods did not significantly change (p>0.05). This indicates high performance of this specific in maintenance of blood glucose during starvation and recovery of glucose level after feeding. However, plasma hepatic enzymes level in fasting treatments increased (p<0.05), but reached the control level after 4 weeks of feeding. Considering the role of liver enzymes in gluconeogenesis and taking into consideration the constant plasma glucose and cortisol during periods of food deprivation, it seems that liver enzymes in the Persian sturgeon during food deprivation play a key role in stabilizing blood glucose.
Considering the role of liver enzymes in gluconeogenesis, and taking into consideration the constant plasma glucose and cortisol during periods of food deprivation, In this study, it seems that liver enzymes in the Persian sturgeon during food deprivation play a key role in stabilizing blood glucose.
, , ,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
The effect of adding digestrom P.E.P at 0, 1, 2 and 4% of feed on the growth and hematology of juveniles (159.5±0.23 g) beluga, Huso huso, was investigated during 70 days feeding trial. Significantly higher average daily growth, specific growth rate and protein performance were observed in fish fed diet containing 2% digestrom P.E.P (p<0.05), but the condition factor, hepatosomatic index and feed conversion ratio didn’t significantly differ among treatments (p>0.05). No significant difference were observed in the number of red blood cells, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, lymphocytes, monocytes among treatments (p>0.05), but the number of white blood cells and neutrophils in the 2% treatment was significantly higher than other treatments (p<0.05). Fish carcass analysis revealed a significantly higher protein content in the 2% treatment than the control group (p<0.05), but the difference was not significant in fat, ash and moisture contents (p>0.05). Based on the results, the digestrom P.E.P at 2% of feed can enhance growth and stimulates the immune system of the juvenile beluga.
Ashkan Banan, Mohammad Reza Kalbassi Masjed Shahi, Mahmoud Bahmani, Mohammad Ali Yazdani Sadati,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in consumer products mainly due to their antimicrobial action. The rapid increase in the use of nanoparticles has driven more attention to their possible ecotoxicological effects. In this study: first, acute effects of colloidal AgNPs during embryonic stage of Persian sturgeon and Starry sturgeon were investigated and then in Starry sturgeon, their short-term effects during early life stages (before active feeding commences) were analyzed. Based on the obtained results from the acute toxicity tests, AgNPs induced a dose-dependent toxicity in both species during early life stages. The short-term toxicity test was performed using 0, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/l of colloidal AgNPs. Silver accumulation in larvae exposed to 0.1 mg/l AgNPs was recorded significantly higher than the control treatment (P<0.05). However, the obtained survival rate data did not indicate any significant differences among treatments.
S.s. Babaei , A. Abedian Kenari, M. Hedayati, M.a. Yazdani-Sadati,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2018)
Abstract
Aims: In this study, the effect of dietary macronutrient composition (two levels of protein 44% and 38% with two carbohydrate/fatty ratios of 1.4 and 3) was studied during starvation and re-feeding with the aim of achieving growth, body composition, and fatty acids in the body of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869).
Materials & Methods: This experimental study was carried out at the International sturgeon research institute in a completely randomized design. 360 fish (with an initial weight of 30±5g) were randomly distributed in 24 tanks of 500 liters (15 fish per tank) with a volume of 350-400 liters capacity. Fish were fed on 4 different diets; protein 38% - carbohydrate: lipid ratio 3 (LP-St), protein 44% - carbohydrate: lipid ratio 3 (HP-St), protein 38% - carbohydrate: lipid ratio 1.4 (LP-L) and protein 44% - carbohydrate: lipid ratio 1.4 (HP-L), respectively. The fish were fed apparent satiation for 3 weeks, then, starved for two weeks, and, then, re-fed for 5 weeks. The results were analyzed, using SPSS 22 software by multivariate analysis of variance and Duncan's test.
Findings: Compensatory growth did not occur in any treatments. In the control group, the best growth was observed in HP-L, while after re-feeding, HP-St represented the best weight gain and feed conversion ratio
Conclusion: The dietary composition has a significant effect on the SFA, MUFA, and PUFA fatty acids, while the two weeks of starvation slightly increase only MUFA and have no significant effect on other fatty acids.
A. Irani , N. Agh,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
Aims: In this research, we investigated the effects of stocking density on growth performance and survival rate of Persian sturgeon and Beluga.
Materials and Methods: Stocking densities for treatments 1-5 of Persian sturgeon in stages 1 were 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 fish/l (initial weight: 116mg) and in stage 2 were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 fish/l (initial weight: 2218/6mg). Stocking densities of five months old Beluga juveniles (initial weight: 109.95g) for treatments 1-5 were 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 fish/m3 in each 250-liter tank respectively.
Findings: Growth and feeding parameters were affected as the stocking densities increased in both species. In stage 1 in terms of weight, SGR and food efficiency, treatments 1 and 2 showed significantly higher values (p<0.05) comparing with treatment 5, treatments 4 and 5 and all treatments respectively. In stage 2, there are significant differences amongst the all treatments in terms of weight and SGR except treatments 3 and 4. Food efficiency in treatment 1 was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the rests except treatment 2. In Beluga, there were significant differences amongst all treatments except treatments 3 and 4 in terms of weight, SGR, and food efficiency and the highest values were observed in treatment 1.
Conclusion: The best stocking densities for stage 1 and 2 of Persian sturgeon were 8-10 and 1-2 fish/l respectively and for Beluga, juveniles were 80-100 fish/m3.
Abdoljabbar Irani, Naser Agh,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (5-2019)
Abstract
Aims: Due to vital role of optimum feeding rate on success and profitability of an aquaculture practice, feeding rates were examined in different life stages of Beluga sturgeon.
Methods: Feeding rates were 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13% and 15% in stage 1; 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% in stage 2; 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% and 3.5% in stage 3; 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25% and 2.5% in stage 4. Farming durations of stages 1 to 4 were 10, 10, 42 and 56 days, as well as initial mean weights were 1.85, 7, 112.04 and 300.54 g, respectively.
Findings: Results showed that optimum feeding rates from growth and feeding parameters point of view were 9% and 5%, respectively, in stage 1. In stage 2 also optimum feeding rates were different from growth and feeding point of view, as they were 4% and 2%, respectively. For both aspects of growth and feeding parameters, optimum feeding rate was 2.5% of body weight in stage 3. In stage 4, the lowest food conversion rate was observed in the feeding rate of 1.5% and there were no significant differences between treatments from growth parameters point of view.
Conclusion: Growth and feeding parameters were affected with feeding rates in stages 1, 2 and 3. In stage 4, feeding rates influenced feeding parameters, but had no significant effects on growth performance.
Mohammad Kazem Mirzakhani, Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari, Ali Motamedzadegan,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (5-2019)
Abstract
- In this study, the apparent digestibility of protein and amino acids of ten types of plant and animal feed ingredients as the main sources of protein was evaluated in Siberian sturgeon diet (290-250 g).
Materials and Methods: Feedstuffs included fish meal, meat and bone meal, poultry byproduct meal, blood meal, feather meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat gluten, corn gluten and bakery yeast. The dietary treatments included: reference diet and ten different experimental rations (30% of the target feed ingredient + 70% of the reference diet). Chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker in dietary feed. A group of 165 Siberian sturgeons stocked into 33 tanks with 500 liters volume and fed with test diets (3 replicates per diet).
- At the end of the experiment, the highest and lowest protein digestibility was observed in fish meal (92.87%) and poultry byproduct meal (59.96%), respectively. Also, the highest level of amino acid digestibility in fish meal was measured (90.9% and 88.13% for total essential and non-essential amino acids respectively). The lowest digestibility of the essential amino acids was observed in rapeseed meal (65.5%) and non-essential amino acids in poultry powder (60.68%). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, fishmeal, meat and bone meal, poultry byproduct meal, corn gluten and wheat gluten were identified as feed ingredients with high protein and amino acids digestibility for Siberian sturgeon.
Zahra Mousavi, Sedigheh Babaei, Farzaneh Vardizadeh, Mahmoud Naseri,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (10-2019)
Abstract
Aims: In this study, gelatin was extracted from Siberian sturgeon waste and used in film making.
Materials and Methods: Gelatin was extracted using NaOH and HCl. After evaluating the extracted gelatin properties (bloom grade, pH, zeta test, melting and setting temperature and time), the edible film was prepared by using glycerol.
Findings: The results showed that the extraction efficiency of the gelatin was %20.06. The protein content, pH, degree of gel hardness, setting and melting temperature and time were 79.2 ± 0.6%, 4, 160.2 ± 0.4 g, 13.1 ± 0.2 ° C in 180.3 ± 0.5 seconds and 19.33 ± 0.5 ° C in 140.66 ± 0.5 seconds, respectively. Zeta potential indicated a positive surface charge in gelatin. The thickness, moisture, solubility, tensile strength, tensile strength and permeability tensile strengths properties of gelatin film reported 0.05 mm, %10.2 ± 1.5, %79 ± 3.7, 30.01 ± 0.7 MPa, %77.5 ± 3.6 and 3.5 ± 0 g mm/h mm2kpa×10-6, respectively. SEM images of the film showed smooth structure without cracking. Moreover, the FTIR result showed the formation of amide bands in the region of 3277.62, 1633.92, 1530.11 and 1236.49 cm-1.
Conclusion: Due to the efficiency and properties of gelatin, and the mechanical and physical properties of the edible film, it can be used as a good candidate for the production of biodegradable films in food storage.
Zahra Mousavi, Mahmood Naseri, Sedigheh Babaei, Seyed Mohammad Hashem Hosseini, Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
This study was designed and conducted to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of fish gelatin films and the effect of Glutaraldehyde crosslinking on antimicrobial control of poly-l-lysine. In this study, the film was prepared by casting method and then 0.05% Glutaraldehyde and 0.05% poly-l-lysine added to fish gelatin film. After that, physical and mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity and release of poly-l-lysine from the film were observed. The results showed that the addition of glutaraldehyde to the fish gelatin film increased tensile pressure (6.80 MPa) and reduced solubility (38.51%), moisture (8.05%), and water vapor permeability (2.03 mm/h mm2kpa×10-6). The fish gelatin film with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent was showed a smooth surface without porosity according to the SEM results. Moreover, the release of poly-l-lysine from the biopolymer containing the Glutaraldehyde was slower and more continuous due to crosslinking. Considering the mechanical and physical properties of the films and release control of the antimicrobial compound, it seems that films containing crosslinking agents can be used in food storage.
Volume 10, Issue 40 (7-2013)
Abstract
In this study, effects of freezing and two thawing methods on food quality of Persian sturgeon fillets (Acipenser persicus) were evaluated. Fresh Persian sturgeon fillets kept frozen at -20ºC up to 4 months, and then thawed by two different thawing methods (in a microwave oven and in a refrigerator at 4ºC). Freezing- thawing increased fat and decreased protein, moisture and ash contents. Thawing in microwave resulted in less decrease in moisture content compared to refrigerator thawing and caused an increase in protein content. Protein solubility decreased after freezing- thawing but it was significant only in few pHs (in both thawing methods). 4 months frozen storage and then defrosting resulted in a decrease in –SH group content. The microbial count increased after freezing and thawing (p<0.05), however the increase was less after microwave thawing. Both thawing methods showed higher L* and b* values and smaller a* value compared to control sample (P<0.05).
