علوم و فنون شیلات

علوم و فنون شیلات

تنوع گونه ای مرجانهای سخت در آبهای ایرانی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان

نوع مقاله : مروری سیستماتیک

نویسندگان
1 سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، معاونت محیط زیست دریایی، رئیس گروه اکولوژی دریا
2 دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده زیست شناسی
3 دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی
4 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، دانشکده علوم زیستی
چکیده
خلیج فارس در مقایسه با سایر نقاط جهان دارای محیط زیست متفاوتی برای زیست مرجان ها می باشد. ۱۷ جزیره مرجانی و برخی مناطق ساحلی در قسمت شمالی خلیج فارس و همچنین خلیج چابهار در دریای عمان مهمترین مناطق مرجانی ایران را تشکیل می دهند. دور از دسترس بودن جزایر مرجانی و پراکندگی تحقیقات صورت گرفته منجر گردیده تا اطلاعات صحیحی در خصوص تعداد گونه های آبسنگ مرجانی شناسایی شده در دسترس نباشد. در این تحقیق سعی شده تا با بررسی میدانی برخی مناطق مرجانی همانند شیدور ، فارسی، خارگ، خارگو، هندورابی و نایبند و گردآوری مطالعات انجام شده در سایر مناطق مرجانی اطلاعات کاملی را در خصوص تنوع گونه ای مرجان های شناسایی شده در آبهای ایرانی خلیج فارس ارایه دهد. براساس نتایج تعداد گونه های آبسنگ های مرجانی شناسایی شده در آبهای ایرانی خلیج فارس ۹۶ گونه می باشد که با محاسبه ۶ گونه آبسنگ مرجانی که صرفا از خلیج چابهار گزارش شده تعداد گونه های شناسایی شده در آبهای ایران را به ۱۰۲ گونه می رساند. گونه های شناسایی شده از ۱۳ خانواده و ۴۰ جنس هستند که از میان این خانواده ها، Merulinidae و Acroporidae هر کدام به ترتیب با ۲۹ و ۲۳ گونه بیشترین تنوع از نظر تعداد گونه را دارند. پس از این دو خانواده Poritidae با ۱۱ گونه دارای تنوع بیشتری نسبت به سایر خانواده ها می باشد. جزیره لارک بیشترین تعداد گونه را در بین مناطق مورد یررسی دارا می باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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