علوم و فنون شیلات

علوم و فنون شیلات

اثرات خیساندن میوه بلوط در آب و تخمیر آن توسط مخمر نانوایی بر آنالیز بیوشیمیایی و قابلیت هضم آن برای کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) در شرایط برون تنی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، خوزستان، ایران.
چکیده
میوه بلوط ارزان و در دسترس اما غنی از تانن می­باشد. اقتصادی­ترین روش برای حذف مواد ضد ­تغذیه­ای، فرآیند خیساندن است و از ظرفیت مخمر می­توان در تجزیه آن­ها استفاده نمود. میوه بلوط در آب معمولی به­مدت 24 ساعت و با تعویض آب هر 8 ساعت یک­بار خیسانده شد. سپس تخمیر به­مدت 24 ساعت در 6 تیمار حاوی 5/0، 5/1، 3، 5، 10 و 15 گرم مخمر نانوایی به ازای هر 100 گرم بلوط انجام گردید. تیمار شاهد خیسانده و تخمیر نشد. از کپور معمولی به وزن 6/95 گرم جهت استخراج آنزیم برای تعیین قابلیت هضم بلوط در شرایط برون تنی استفاده شد. به­طور معنی­دار پروتئین خام در تمام تیمارها بجز تیمار 5/0 گرم مخمر و چربی خام در تیمارهای 10 و 15 گرم مخمر بیشتر از شاهد بود اما خاکستر، کل ترکیبات فنولی، ترکیبات فنولی غیر تاننی و تانن­های متراکم در همه تیمارها کمتر از شاهد گردید. افزایش سطح مخمر سبب افزایش معنی­دار میزان پروتئین خام شد. کمترین سطح کل ترکیبات فنولی در تیمار 15 گرم مخمر مشاهده گردید. خیساندن در آب معمولی و استفاده از مخمر موجب افزایش معنی­دار قابلیت هضم کربوهیدرات در تیمارهای 5/0، 5/1 و 10 گرم مخمر و قابلیت هضم پروتئین در تیمارهای 5/1، 5، 10 و 15 گرم مخمر در مقایسه با شاهد شد. براساس کاهش میزان ترکیبات فنولی، افزایش مقدار پروتئین تولید شده و افزایش قابلیت هضم پروتئین و کربوهیدرات، تیمار حاوی 10 گرم مخمر به ازای هر 100 گرم بلوط جهت عمل­آوری بلوط به روش خیساندن در آب - تخمیر توصیه می­شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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